Parametric Analysis on the Circular CFST Column and RBS Steel Beam Joints
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Development of Finite Element Model
2.1. Numerical Model Design
2.2. Element Types and Meshes
2.3. Boundary Condition and Loading Type
2.4. Material Modeling of Steel and Concrete
2.5. Model Verifications
3. Numerical Results
- (1)
- (2)
- The stiffness reduction of models subjected to cyclic loads could be estimated using index of looped rigidity degradation (K) [21], which is defined by:
3.1. Influence of the Range from Diaphragm Fringe to Cut Start (a)
- (1)
- Maximum Von Mises stresses of four FE models are approximately equal, which indicates that the strength of the joint is hardly changed with the variation of parameter a.
- (2)
- All maximum Von Mises stresses are located on the middle of the RBS, which is capable of preventing weld from brittle failure.
- (3)
- It is clearly observed that maximum Von Mises stresses, along the length of welding seam, are located on the welding seam edge, as shown in Figure 10, and the stress decreases with the increase of cut length. However, once the value of a is bigger than 0.65bf, where bf represents beam flange width, the stress on welding seam increase again. The main reason contributing to this phenomenon is the effect that RBS becomes inconsiderable if the RBS moves away from the weld, thus the plastic hinge could not be developed at RBS.
3.2. Influence of the Length of the Cut (b)
- (1)
- Although the peak Von Mises stress happens at the weakest part of RBS for all the cases, the stress distribution of the joint, with a higher value of cut length (b), is more uniform, and the corresponding maximum stress is smaller as well.
- (2)
- Using different cut length, there are not obvious variations on the maximum stress of welding seam, as illustrated in Figure 15.
3.3. Influence of the Depth of the Cut (c)
- (1)
- Obviously, changing cut depth (c) would not affect the location of peak Von Mises stress, while the value of peak Von Mises stress declines significantly with the decrease of cut depth.
- (2)
- Although increasing cut depth can reduce the stress on the welding seam edge, the stress on the middle of welding seam ascends gradually at the same time, even exceeding the stress of the edge when the cut depth is over 40 mm.
3.4. Influence of the Inner Diameter of through Diaphragm (d)
4. Orthogonal Experimental Design
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- To avoid excessive deterioration of steel at the reduced beam section, caused by heat affected zone of the joint, the range from the diaphragm fringe to the cut start (a) should be large enough. However, if the value of a is too large, the effect of RBS on the welding stress will be decreased. As a result, the optimal value of a should be between 0.5bf and 0.65bf, which not only can avoid steel deterioration at reduced beam section, but can also protect the joint from brittle failure.
- (2)
- The cut length (b) has little influence on the stiffness, strength and load capacity of the composite joint.
- (3)
- The addition of the cut depth (c) will result in obvious reduction of the stiffness, strength and load capacity of the composite joint. Hence, in the consideration of the stress distribution at key parts of the joint, the optimal value of c should be between 0.2bf and 0.25bf.
- (4)
- The range of inner diameter of through diaphragm (d) should be D−bf ≤ d ≤ bd−bf, which can meet the load requirement and guarantee the pouring quality of the concrete in the steel tube meanwhile.
- (5)
- The orthogonal design demonstrates that the importance order for the effect of each parameter on the composite joint strength should be cut depth (c), the range from the diaphragm fringe to the cut start (a), inner diameter of through diaphragm (d) and cut length (b), and the importance order for the effect of each parameter on the energy dissipation of the composite joint should be inner diameter of through diaphragm (d), cut depth (c), cut length (b) and the range from the diaphragm fringe to the cut start (a). The optimal combination of the parameters can be found using this orthogonal analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Model No. | a/mm | b/mm | c/mm | d/mm | Distance (mm) | Stress (MPa) | β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RR | 80 | 280 | 35 | 160 | 228.0 | 405.3 | 0.4250 |
RA1 | 60 | 280 | 35 | 160 | 199.5 | 403.4 | 0.4233 |
RA2 | 100 | 280 | 35 | 160 | 242.3 | 406.3 | 0.4250 |
RA3 | 120 | 280 | 35 | 160 | 240.0 | 407.1 | 0.4253 |
RB1 | 80 | 310 | 35 | 160 | 235.1 | 401.2 | 0.4267 |
RB2 | 80 | 340 | 35 | 160 | 242.3 | 398.6 | 0.4277 |
RB3 | 80 | 360 | 35 | 160 | 256.5 | 397.1 | 0.4280 |
RC1 | 80 | 280 | 30 | 160 | 228.0 | 396.1 | 0.4225 |
RC2 | 80 | 280 | 40 | 160 | 228.0 | 413.8 | 0.4260 |
RC3 | 80 | 280 | 45 | 160 | 228.0 | 421.3 | 0.4269 |
RD1 | 80 | 280 | 35 | 200 | 228.0 | 405.3 | 0.4396 |
RD2 | 80 | 280 | 35 | 220 | 228.0 | 405.3 | 0.4381 |
RD3 | 80 | 280 | 35 | 240 | 228.0 | 405.3 | 0.4372 |
Specimens No. | a | b | c | d | Strength | Energy Dissipation Coefficient | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(mm) | (mm) | (mm) | (mm) | (105 N) | ||||
1 | A1(60) | B1(280) | C1(30) | D1(200) | 1.37339 | 2.77532 | ||
2 | A1(60) | B2(310) | C2(35) | D2(220) | 1.31558 | 2.77994 | ||
3 | A1(60) | B3(340) | C3(40) | D3(240) | 1.25134 | 2.73849 | ||
4 | A2(80) | B1(280) | C2(35) | D3(240) | 1.33054 | 2.68503 | ||
5 | A2(80) | B2(310) | C3(40) | D1(200) | 1.27376 | 2.80486 | ||
6 | A2(80) | B3(340) | C1(30) | D2(220) | 1.39915 | 2.77239 | ||
7 | A3(100) | B1(280) | C3(40) | D2(220) | 1.29362 | 2.74388 | ||
8 | A3(100) | B2(310) | C1(30) | D3(240) | 1.40847 | 2.63438 | ||
9 | A3(100) | B3(340) | C2(35) | D1(200) | 1.36525 | 2.80684 | ||
Strength | Energy dissipation | |||||||
a | b | c | d | a | b | c | d | |
K1 | 1.31344 | 1.33252 | 1.39367 | 1.33747 | 2.76458 | 2.73474 | 2.72736 | 2.79567 |
K2 | 1.33448 | 1.33260 | 1.33712 | 1.33612 | 2.75409 | 2.73973 | 2.75727 | 2.76540 |
K3 | 1.35578 | 1.33858 | 1.27291 | 1.33012 | 2.72837 | 2.77257 | 2.76241 | 2.78597 |
Rb | 0.04234 | 0.00606 | 0.12076 | 0.00735 | 0.03621 | 0.03783 | 0.03505 | 0.03027 |
Importance | c > a > d > b | b > a > c > d |
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Li, R.; Yu, Y.; Samali, B.; Li, C. Parametric Analysis on the Circular CFST Column and RBS Steel Beam Joints. Materials 2019, 12, 1535. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091535
Li R, Yu Y, Samali B, Li C. Parametric Analysis on the Circular CFST Column and RBS Steel Beam Joints. Materials. 2019; 12(9):1535. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091535
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Rui, Yang Yu, Bijan Samali, and Chengyu Li. 2019. "Parametric Analysis on the Circular CFST Column and RBS Steel Beam Joints" Materials 12, no. 9: 1535. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091535