Energies 2016, 9(10), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/en9100813
Performance Characteristics of PTC Elements for an Electric Vehicle Heating System
1
Green Car Power System R&D Division, Korea Automotive Technology Institute, 74 Yongjung-ri, Pungse-myun, Dongnam-gu, Chonan-si, Chungnam 330-912, Korea
2
R&D Center, 67-2 Sangdaewon-dong, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeonggi 462-120, Korea
3
School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Samuel Gendebien and Vincent Lemort
Received: 6 July 2016 / Revised: 26 September 2016 / Accepted: 30 September 2016 / Published: 11 October 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heating and Cooling Techniques)
Abstract
A high-voltage positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater has a simple structure and a swift response. Therefore, for cabin heating in electric vehicles (EVs), such heaters are used either on their own or with a heat pump system. In this study, the sintering process in the manufacturing of PTC elements for an EV heating system was improved to enhance surface uniformity. The electrode production process entailing thin-film sputtering deposition was applied to ensure the high heating performance of PTC elements and reduce the electrode thickness. The allowable voltage and surface heat temperature of the high-voltage PTC elements with thin-film electrodes were 800 V and 172 °C, respectively. The electrode layer thickness was uniform at approximately 3.8 μm or less, approximately 69% less electrode materials were required compared to that before process improvement. Furthermore, a heater for the EV heating system was manufactured using the developed high-voltage PTC elements to verify performance and reliability. View Full-TextKeywords:
performance characteristics; positive temperature coefficient (PTC) element; screen printing; sputtering; electric vehicle; high voltage
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Shin, Y.H.; Ahn, S.K.; Kim, S.C. Performance Characteristics of PTC Elements for an Electric Vehicle Heating System. Energies 2016, 9, 813.
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