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Review

Safety Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Train in Different Application Scenarios: A Review

by
Lei Xu
1,
Yankun Li
1,
Wenchao Zhang
1,
Tiancai Ma
2,3 and
Xiuhui Jing
2,3,*
1
CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266111, China
2
School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
3
Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(7), 1743; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071743
Submission received: 29 January 2025 / Revised: 11 March 2025 / Accepted: 24 March 2025 / Published: 31 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Energy and Fuel Cell Technologies)
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Abstract

Currently, there are many gaps in the research on the safety of hydrogen-powered trains, and the hazardous points vary across different scenarios. It is necessary to conduct safety analysis for various scenarios in order to develop effective accident response strategies. Considering the implementation of hydrogen power in the rail transport sector, this paper reviews the development status of hydrogen-powered trains and the hydrogen leak hazard chain. Based on the literature and industry data, a thorough analysis is conducted on the challenges faced by hydrogen-powered trains in the scenario of electrified railways, tunnels, train stations, hydrogen refueling stations, and garages. Existing railway facilities are not ready to deal with accidental hydrogen leakage, and the promotion of hydrogen-powered trains needs to be cautious.
Keywords: hydrogen-powered train; hydrogen safety; application scenario; leak hazard chain; accident response strategy; hazardous points hydrogen-powered train; hydrogen safety; application scenario; leak hazard chain; accident response strategy; hazardous points

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xu, L.; Li, Y.; Zhang, W.; Ma, T.; Jing, X. Safety Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Train in Different Application Scenarios: A Review. Energies 2025, 18, 1743. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071743

AMA Style

Xu L, Li Y, Zhang W, Ma T, Jing X. Safety Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Train in Different Application Scenarios: A Review. Energies. 2025; 18(7):1743. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071743

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xu, Lei, Yankun Li, Wenchao Zhang, Tiancai Ma, and Xiuhui Jing. 2025. "Safety Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Train in Different Application Scenarios: A Review" Energies 18, no. 7: 1743. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071743

APA Style

Xu, L., Li, Y., Zhang, W., Ma, T., & Jing, X. (2025). Safety Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Train in Different Application Scenarios: A Review. Energies, 18(7), 1743. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18071743

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