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Volume 18
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10.3390/en18010211
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Article

Robust Wireless Power Transfer for EVs by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverters and Identical Single-Coil Transmitting and Receiving Pads

by
Alireza Eikani
1,
Mohammad Amirkhani
2,
Ehsan Farmahini Farahani
3,*,
Volker Pickert
3,
Mojtaba Mirsalim
2 and
Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh
1
1
Advanced Motion Systems Research Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1439957131, Iran
2
Electrical Machines and Transformers Research Laboratory (EMTRL), Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 1591634311, Iran
3
Electrical Power Research Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(1), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010211
Submission received: 22 November 2024 / Revised: 18 December 2024 / Accepted: 19 December 2024 / Published: 6 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Power Electronics and Wireless Power Transfer Systems)
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Abstract

Inductive wireless power transfer (IWPT) with stable output power and high efficiency is a major challenge for charging electric vehicles (EVs). This paper, for the first time, develops a robust IWPT system using a circular pad (CP) and double-D pad (DDP) with a self-oscillating controlled inverter (SOCI), which offers high steady output power and transfer efficiency under magnetic coupling variations simply with feedback from the transmitter-side current. The compact 2CP and 2DDP magnetic couplers with single identical coils are robust to self- and mutual-inductance variations, so the IWPT system exhibits greater robustness at increased transfer distances (air gaps), as well as in the presence of lateral and rotational misalignments between the two magnetic pads, compared to couplers using nonidentical transmitting primary (TP) and receiving secondary (RS) pads and numerous decoupled coils on the RS pad. Based on a thorough analysis and experimental study, the proposed 1 kW IWPT system with 2CP and 2DDP couplers with up to a 20 cm air gap achieves constant output power with 93% and 92% constant transfer efficiency, respectively. The 2CP with a 15 cm air gap and the 2DDP with a 20 cm air gap, with up to 12 cm lateral misalignment, can tolerate coupling variations.
Keywords: circular pad (CP); double-D pad (DDP); magnetic coupling coefficient; robust wireless power transfer (WPT); self-oscillating controlled inverter (SOCI) circular pad (CP); double-D pad (DDP); magnetic coupling coefficient; robust wireless power transfer (WPT); self-oscillating controlled inverter (SOCI)

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MDPI and ACS Style

Eikani, A.; Amirkhani, M.; Farmahini Farahani, E.; Pickert, V.; Mirsalim, M.; Vaez-Zadeh, S. Robust Wireless Power Transfer for EVs by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverters and Identical Single-Coil Transmitting and Receiving Pads. Energies 2025, 18, 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010211

AMA Style

Eikani A, Amirkhani M, Farmahini Farahani E, Pickert V, Mirsalim M, Vaez-Zadeh S. Robust Wireless Power Transfer for EVs by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverters and Identical Single-Coil Transmitting and Receiving Pads. Energies. 2025; 18(1):211. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010211

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eikani, Alireza, Mohammad Amirkhani, Ehsan Farmahini Farahani, Volker Pickert, Mojtaba Mirsalim, and Sadegh Vaez-Zadeh. 2025. "Robust Wireless Power Transfer for EVs by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverters and Identical Single-Coil Transmitting and Receiving Pads" Energies 18, no. 1: 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010211

APA Style

Eikani, A., Amirkhani, M., Farmahini Farahani, E., Pickert, V., Mirsalim, M., & Vaez-Zadeh, S. (2025). Robust Wireless Power Transfer for EVs by Self-Oscillating Controlled Inverters and Identical Single-Coil Transmitting and Receiving Pads. Energies, 18(1), 211. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18010211

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