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Volume 16
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Article

Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs3Bi2I9-Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters

by
Arnob Das
1,*,
Susmita Datta Peu
2,
Md Abdul Mannan Akanda
3,
Mostafa M. Salah
4,*,
Md. Sejan Hossain
1 and
Barun Kumar Das
1
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh
2
Department of Agriculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
3
School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
4
Electrical Engineering Department, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2023, 16(5), 2328; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052328
Submission received: 30 January 2023 / Revised: 23 February 2023 / Accepted: 24 February 2023 / Published: 28 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modeling and Simulation of Solar Cells)
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Abstract

The lead halide-based perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in the photovoltaic industry due to their high efficiency, easy manufacturing, lightweight, and low cost. However, these lead halide-based perovskite solar cells are not manufactured commercially due to lead-based toxicity. To investigate lead-free inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), we investigated a novel Cs3Bi2I9-based perovskite configuration in SCAPS-1D software using different hole transport layers (HTLs). At the same time, WS2 is applied as an electron transport layer (ETL). Comparative analysis of the various design configurations reveals that ITO/WS2/Cs3Bi2I9/PEDOT:PSS/Au offers the best performance with 20.12% of power conversion efficiency (PCE). After optimizing the thickness, bandgap, defect density, and carrier density, the efficiency of the configuration is increased from 20.12 to 24.91%. Improvement in other performance parameters such as short circuit current (17.325 mA/cm2), open circuit voltage (1.5683 V), and fill factor (91.66%) are also observed after tuning different attributes. This investigation indicates the potential application of Cs3Bi2I9 as a lead-free and stable perovskite material that can contribute to improving the renewable energy sector.
Keywords: Cs3Bi2I9; defect density; ETL; fill factor (FF); HTL; PCE; perovskite solar cell Cs3Bi2I9; defect density; ETL; fill factor (FF); HTL; PCE; perovskite solar cell

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Das, A.; Peu, S.D.; Akanda, M.A.M.; Salah, M.M.; Hossain, M.S.; Das, B.K. Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs3Bi2I9-Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters. Energies 2023, 16, 2328. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052328

AMA Style

Das A, Peu SD, Akanda MAM, Salah MM, Hossain MS, Das BK. Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs3Bi2I9-Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters. Energies. 2023; 16(5):2328. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052328

Chicago/Turabian Style

Das, Arnob, Susmita Datta Peu, Md Abdul Mannan Akanda, Mostafa M. Salah, Md. Sejan Hossain, and Barun Kumar Das. 2023. "Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs3Bi2I9-Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters" Energies 16, no. 5: 2328. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052328

APA Style

Das, A., Peu, S. D., Akanda, M. A. M., Salah, M. M., Hossain, M. S., & Das, B. K. (2023). Numerical Simulation and Optimization of Inorganic Lead-Free Cs3Bi2I9-Based Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell: Impact of Various Design Parameters. Energies, 16(5), 2328. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052328

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