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Energies
Volume 13
Issue 3
10.3390/en13030674
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Article

Self-Powered Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node by Using Silicon-Based 3D Thermoelectric Energy Generator for Environmental Monitoring Application

by
Jong-Pil Im
1,
Jeong Hun Kim
1,
Jae Woo Lee
1,
Ji Yong Woo
1,
Sol Yee Im
1,
Yeriaron Kim
1,
Yong-Sung Eom
1,
Won Chul Choi
2,
Jun Soo Kim
3 and
Seung Eon Moon
1,*
1
ICT Creative Research Laboratory, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Daejeon 34129, Korea
2
Samsung electronics, Suwon 18382, Korea
3
Material Science and Mechanical Engineering, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2020, 13(3), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030674
Received: 30 December 2019 / Revised: 31 January 2020 / Accepted: 1 February 2020 / Published: 4 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Section A: Electrical Engineering)
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Abstract

In this paper, we present the results of a preliminary study on the self-powered autonomous wireless sensor node by using thermoelectric energy generator based on Silicon (Si) thermoelectric legs, energy management integrated circuit (EMIC), Radio Frequency (RF) module with a temperature and humidity sensor, etc. A novel thermoelectric module structure is designed as an energy generator module, which consists of 127 pairs of Silicon legs and this module is fabricated and tested to demonstrate the feasibility of generating electrical power under the temperature gradient of 70K. EMIC has three key features besides high efficiency, which are maximum power point tracking (MPPT), cold start, and complete self-power operation. EMIC achieved a cold start voltage of 200 mV, peak efficiency of 78.7%, MPPT efficiency 99.4%, and an output power of 34 mW through only the Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) source. To assess the capability of the device as a small scale power source for internet of things (IoT) service, we also tested energy conversion and storage experiments. Finally, the proposed sensor node system which can transmit and monitor the information from the temperature and humidity sensor through the RF module in real time demonstrates the feasibility for variable applications. View Full-Text
Keywords: thermoelectric; energy generator; hetero-structure; Si; EMIC thermoelectric; energy generator; hetero-structure; Si; EMIC
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
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MDPI and ACS Style

Im, J.-P.; Kim, J.H.; Lee, J.W.; Woo, J.Y.; Im, S.Y.; Kim, Y.; Eom, Y.-S.; Choi, W.C.; Kim, J.S.; Moon, S.E. Self-Powered Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node by Using Silicon-Based 3D Thermoelectric Energy Generator for Environmental Monitoring Application. Energies 2020, 13, 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030674

AMA Style

Im J-P, Kim JH, Lee JW, Woo JY, Im SY, Kim Y, Eom Y-S, Choi WC, Kim JS, Moon SE. Self-Powered Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node by Using Silicon-Based 3D Thermoelectric Energy Generator for Environmental Monitoring Application. Energies. 2020; 13(3):674. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030674

Chicago/Turabian Style

Im, Jong-Pil, Jeong H. Kim, Jae W. Lee, Ji Y. Woo, Sol Y. Im, Yeriaron Kim, Yong-Sung Eom, Won C. Choi, Jun S. Kim, and Seung E. Moon. 2020. "Self-Powered Autonomous Wireless Sensor Node by Using Silicon-Based 3D Thermoelectric Energy Generator for Environmental Monitoring Application" Energies 13, no. 3: 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13030674

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