To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate—This Is the Question among Swiss University Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Survey Design and Study Design
2.2. Missing Data
2.3. Measures
2.3.1. Outcome: Vaccination Intention
2.3.2. Predictors
2.3.3. Covariates
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Participants’ Characteristics
3.2. Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Intention
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Statistics | Women | Men | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | n (%) | 912 | (70.3) | 385 | (29.7) | 1297 | (100.0) |
Age | Md (IQR) | 24 | (22–27) | 24 | (23–27) | 24 | (22–27) |
Health professions student *** | n (%) | 279 | (30.6) | 21 | (5.5) | 300 | (23.1) |
(Very) good health status ** | n (%) | 689 | (75.6) | 263 | (68.3) | 952 | (73.4) |
Anxiety level | n (%) | ||||||
Minimal (0–4) | 246 | (27.0) | 109 | (28.3) | 355 | (27.4) | |
Mild (5–9) | 358 | (39.3) | 149 | (38.7) | 507 | (39.1) | |
Moderate (10–14) | 211 | (23.1) | 81 | (21.0) | 292 | (22.5) | |
Severe (15–21) | 97 | (10.6) | 46 | (12.0) | 143 | (11.0) | |
Trust in vaccination strategy ** | n (%) | 412 | (45.2) | 199 | (51.7) | 611 | (47.1) |
Previous vaccinations | |||||||
Seasonal influenza vaccination | n (%) | 193 | (21.2) | 72 | (18.7) | 265 | (20.4) |
Travel vaccination * | n (%) | 449 | (49.2) | 156 | (40.5) | 605 | (46.7) |
5C vaccination antecedents | Mean (SD) | ||||||
Confidence ** | 3.88 | (0.87) | 4.04 | (0.89) | 3.93 | (0.88) | |
Complacency * | 1.96 | (0.71) | 2.07 | (0.82) | 1.99 | (0.75) | |
Constraints | 1.36 | (0.60) | 1.43 | (0.71) | 1.38 | (0.64) | |
Calculation *** | 3.73 | (0.90) | 3.44 | (1.05) | 3.64 | (0.96) | |
Collective responsibility | 4.04 | (0.91) | 3.94 | (1.04) | 4.01 | (0.95) | |
COVID-19 vaccination intention | n (%) | ||||||
No | 71 | (7.8) | 27 | (7.0) | 98 | (7.6) | |
Probably no | 126 | (13.8) | 54 | (14.0) | 180 | (13.9) | |
Undecided | 144 | (15.8) | 43 | (11.2) | 187 | (14.4) | |
Yes, after others | 136 | (14.9) | 58 | (15.1) | 194 | (15.0) | |
Probably yes | 226 | (24.8) | 87 | (22.6) | 313 | (24.1) | |
Yes | 209 | (22.9) | 116 | (30.1) | 325 | (25.1) |
Variable | OR | p | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (ref = women) | |||
Men | 1.30 | 0.038 | 1.01–1.66 |
Age (years) | 1.03 | 0.001 | 1.01–1.05 |
Health professions student (ref = no) | |||
Yes | 0.94 | 0.621 | 0.72–1.22 |
Health status (ref = poor-fair health) | |||
Very good/good health | 0.74 | 0.026 | 0.57–0.96 |
Generalized anxiety (ref = minimal (0–4)) | |||
Mild (5–9) | 0.94 | 0.663 | 0.73–1.23 |
Moderate (10–14) | 0.97 | 0.854 | 0.71–1.33 |
Severe (15–21) | 0.73 | 0.136 | 0.48–1.11 |
Trust in vaccination strategy (ref = no) | |||
Yes | 2.40 | 0.000 | 1.89–3.05 |
Seasonal influenza vaccination (ref = no) | |||
Yes | 1.39 | 0.019 | 1.06–1.83 |
Travel vaccination (ref = no) | |||
Yes | 1.29 | 0.020 | 1.04–1.60 |
5C vaccination antecedents | |||
Confidence | 2.52 | 0.000 | 2.09–3.03 |
Complacency | 0.79 | 0.018 | 0.66–0.96 |
Constraints | 1.18 | 0.072 | 0.99–1.41 |
Calculation | 0.79 | 0.000 | 0.70–0.89 |
Collective responsibility | 4.47 | 0.000 | 3.69–5.40 |
Cut points | |||
#1 | 4.13 | 2.89–5.36 | |
#2 | 6.44 | 5.17–7.71 | |
#3 | 7.96 | 6.66–9.26 | |
#4 | 9.23 | 7.91–10.55 | |
#5 | 11.12 | 9.77–12.48 | |
Number of observations | 1297 | ||
Pseudo R-squared | 0.29 | ||
Likelihood ratio Chi2 (15) | 1308 | ||
p > Chi2 | 0.000 |
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Dratva, J.; Wagner, A.; Zysset, A.; Volken, T. To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate—This Is the Question among Swiss University Students. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 9210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179210
Dratva J, Wagner A, Zysset A, Volken T. To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate—This Is the Question among Swiss University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(17):9210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179210
Chicago/Turabian StyleDratva, Julia, Aylin Wagner, Annina Zysset, and Thomas Volken. 2021. "To Vaccinate or Not to Vaccinate—This Is the Question among Swiss University Students" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17: 9210. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179210