The Relationship between the Number of Daily Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors and Sleep Health of the Elderly in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Description of Measures
2.2.1. General Demographic Characteristics
2.2.2. Assessment of Health-Related Risk Behaviors
2.2.3. Assessment of Sleeping Status
2.3. Research Design and Participants
2.4. Ethical Statements
3. Results
3.1. Descriptions of Sample Characteristics
3.2. Association between the Number of Health-Related Risk Behaviors and Sleep Disturbances
3.3. Association between the Number of Health-Related Risk Behaviors and Sleep Quality
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Categories | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60–64 | 1113 | 22.35 |
65–69 | 1171 | 23.51 | |
70–74 | 1143 | 22.95 | |
75–79 | 721 | 14.48 | |
≥80 | 832 | 16.70 | |
Sex | Male | 2465 | 49.70 |
Female | 2495 | 50.30 | |
Body mass index (BMI) | <18.50 | 507 | 10.41 |
18.50–23.99 | 3063 | 62.91 | |
≥24.00 | 1299 | 26.68 | |
Years of education | 0 | 1105 | 23.81 |
1–5 | 1397 | 30.10 | |
6–8 | 940 | 20.25 | |
9–11 | 650 | 14.01 | |
>11 | 549 | 11.83 | |
Household registration | Countryside | 3422 | 69.61 |
City | 1494 | 30.39 | |
Marital status | Married/cohabiting | 3169 | 63.87 |
others | 1793 | 36.13 | |
Self-rated family financial situation | Poor | 1417 | 28.49 |
Fair | 2955 | 59.42 | |
Rich | 601 | 12.09 | |
Self-rated health status | Poor | 1976 | 39.62 |
General | 2341 | 46.93 | |
Good | 671 | 13.45 |
Number of Health-Related Risk Behaviors | No (n = 2708, 54.24%) | Yes (n = 2285, 45.76%) | χ2/ t |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 450 (73.77) | 160 (26.23) | 203.703 a*** 139.969 b*** |
1 | 754 (62.06) | 461 (37.94) | |
2 | 648 (50.00) | 648 (50.00) | |
3 | 451 (42.79) | 603 (57.21) | |
4 | 321 (52.28) | 293 (47.72) | |
5 | 84 (41.18) | 120 (58.82) | |
Sleep quality (mean ± SD) | 3.86 ± 0.78 | 2.73 ± 0.81 | 48.684 *** |
Number of | Model 1, OR (95% CI) | Model 2, OR (95% CI) | Model 3, OR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) |
1 | 1.72 (1.39,2.13) *** | 1.40 (1.10–1.78) ** | 1.41 (1.11–1.78) ** |
2 | 2.81 (2.28–3.47) *** | 2.03 (1.60–2.58) *** | 2.09 (1.66–2.63) *** |
3 | 3.76 (3.02–4.68) *** | 2.53 (1.96–3.26) *** | 2.54 (1.99–3.25) *** |
4 | 2.57 (2.02–3.26) *** | 1.92 (1.44–2.57) *** | 2.12 (1.60–2.80) *** |
5 | 4.02 (2.88–5.60) *** | 2.31 (1.56–3.43) *** | 2.49 (1.70–3.65) *** |
Number of | Model 1, B (95% CI) | Model 2, B (95% CI) | Model 3, B (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
1 | −0.26 (−0.35, −0.17) *** | −0.14 (−0.23, −0.06) ** | −0.14 (−0.23, −0.06) ** |
2 | −0.42 (−0.51, −0.33) *** | −0.22 (−0.30, −0.13) *** | −0.21 (−0.30, −0.13) *** |
3 | −0.73 (−0.82, −0.64) *** | −0.47 (−0.56, −0.38) *** | −0.46 (−0.55, −0.37) *** |
4 | −0.71 (−0.82, −0.59) *** | −0.51 (−0.62, −0.39) *** | −0.50 (−0.62, −0.39) *** |
5 | −1.12 (−1.29, −0.96) *** | −0.86 (−1.03, −0.69) *** | −0.83 (−1.00, −0.66) *** |
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Liu, X.; Chen, J.; Zhou, J.; Liu, J.; Lertpitakpong, C.; Tan, A.; Wu, S.; Mao, Z. The Relationship between the Number of Daily Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors and Sleep Health of the Elderly in China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4905. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244905
Liu X, Chen J, Zhou J, Liu J, Lertpitakpong C, Tan A, Wu S, Mao Z. The Relationship between the Number of Daily Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors and Sleep Health of the Elderly in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(24):4905. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244905
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Xiaojun, Jingshu Chen, Jiayi Zhou, Jianjian Liu, Chanida Lertpitakpong, Anran Tan, Shaotang Wu, and Zongfu Mao. 2019. "The Relationship between the Number of Daily Health-Related Behavioral Risk Factors and Sleep Health of the Elderly in China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24: 4905. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244905