Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design of the Questionnaire
2.2. Setting
2.3. Participants and Questionnaire Survey
2.4. Data Collection and Extraction
2.5. Data Analysis
2.6. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Migrants
3.2. Chinese Language Capability
3.3. Questions Associated with Access to Healthcare Services
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Marriage | Work | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Gender (n = 719) | <0.001 | ||
Male § | 11 (4.3%) | 154 (33.1%) | |
Female § | 243 (95.7%) | 311 (66.9%) | |
Age (n = 753) | <0.001 | ||
21–40 § | 150 (56.6%) | 384 (78.7%) | |
41–60 § | 110 (41.5%) | 103 (21.1%) | |
61 and older § | 5 (1.9%) | 1 (0.2%) | |
Dwelling or workplace (n = 742) | <0.001 | ||
Northern Taiwan § | 129 (48.9%) | 161 (33.7%) | |
Central Taiwan § | 17 (6.4%) | 70 (14.6%) | |
Southern Taiwan | 95 (36.0%) | 194 (40.6%) | |
Eastern Taiwan | 23 (8.7%) | 53 (11.1%) | |
Nationality (n = 752) | <0.001 | ||
Vietnam § | 127 (47.9%) | 120 (24.6%) | |
Indonesia § | 43 (16.2%) | 254 (52.2%) | |
Thailand | 41 (15.5%) | 104 (21.4%) | |
Others § | 54 (20.4%) | 9 (1.8%) | |
Duration of living in Taiwan (n = 739) | <0.001 | ||
Less than 3 years § | 28 (10.8%) | 247 (51.6%) | |
3 to 7 years § | 47 (18.1%) | 171 (35.7%) | |
More than 7 years § | 185 (71.1%) | 61 (12.7%) | |
National Health Insurance (n = 742) | 0.68 | ||
Yes | 243 (92.7%) | 449 (93.5%) | |
No | 19 (7.3%) | 31 (6.5%) | |
Private health insurance (n = 708) | 0.018 | ||
Yes § | 139 (54.5%) | 205 (45.3%) | |
No § | 116 (45.5%) | 248 (54.7%) | |
Self-rated health status (n = 744) | 0.01 | ||
Good § | 180 (69.0%) | 376 (77.9%) | |
Fair § | 72 (27.6%) | 101 (20.9%) | |
Poor § | 9 (3.4%) | 6 (1.2%) |
Chinese language ability | Marriage | Work | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Listening (n = 718) | <0.001 | ||
Good § | 182 (70.5%) | 166 (36.1%) | |
Fair § | 65 (25.2%) | 182 (39.6%) | |
Poor § | 11 (4.3%) | 112 (24.3%) | |
Reading (n = 665) | <0.001 | ||
Good § | 114 (46.5%) | 33 (7.9%) | |
Fair § | 70 (28.6%) | 60 (14.3%) | |
Poor § | 61 (24.9%) | 327 (77.8%) | |
Speaking (n = 713) | <0.001 | ||
Good § | 170 (66.9%) | 150 (32.7%) | |
Fair § | 69 (27.2%) | 189 (41.2%) | |
Poor § | 15 (5.9%) | 120 (26.1%) | |
Writing (n = 662) | <0.001 | ||
Good § | 82 (33.9%) | 23 (5.5%) | |
Fair § | 67 (27.7%) | 52 (12.4%) | |
Poor § | 93 (38.4%) | 345 (82.1%) |
Question | Marriage | Work | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Accessibility to medical services (n = 678) | 0.002 | ||
An outpatient department in a hospital | 102 (44.9%) | 202 (44.8%) | |
An emergency room in a hospital | 8 (3.5%) | 21 (4.6%) | |
A local western medicine clinic | 95 (41.9%) | 183 (40.6%) | |
A local Chinese medicine clinic § | 15 (6.6%) | 8 (1.8%) | |
A pharmacy § | 7 (3.1%) | 37 (8.2%) | |
Language barriers existed when I visited a physician (n = 672) | <0.001 | ||
Yes § | 42 (17.1%) | 205 (48.0%) | |
No § | 203 (82.9%) | 222 (52.0%) |
Question | Marriage | Work | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Behavior of healthcare utilization if any of the health need arises (n = 744) | |||
I visit a physician when I have any discomfort | 142 (54.2%) | 243 (50.4%) | 0.32 |
I visit a physician after my discomfort progresses | 106 (40.5%) | 190 (39.4%) | 0.78 |
I buy drugs in a pharmacy when I am sick | 47 (17.9%) | 108 (22.4%) | 0.15 |
I visit a physician when I need a physical checkup | 55 (21.0%) | 54 (11.2%) | <0.001 |
I visit a physician when I have an injury | 43 (16.4%) | 51 (10.6%) | 0.02 |
I visit a physician when I am pregnant (n = 548) | 28 (11.6%) | 18 (5.9%) | 0.016 |
I visit a physician when I need a medical certification | 10 (3.8%) | 26 (5.4%) | 0.34 |
A person who can accompany me to a clinic visit (n = 707) | |||
None | 89 (35.7%) | 105 (22.9%) | <0.001 |
Someone whose identity was not mentioned | 11 (4.4%) | 21 (4.6%) | 0.92 |
A family member | 132 (53.0%) | 25 (5.5%) | <0.001 |
An agent | 2 (0.8%) | 120 (26.2%) | <0.001 |
An employer | 4 (1.6%) | 146 (31.9%) | <0.001 |
A friend or a colleague with a foreign nationality | 12 (4.8%) | 40 (8.7%) | 0.06 |
A Taiwanese friend or colleague | 11 (4.4%) | 17 (3.7%) | 0.65 |
Different kinds of language assistant tools which can help me utilize healthcare (n = 675) | |||
An available professional interpreter | 89 (39.6%) | 316 (70.2%) | <0.001 |
Medical sheets in my mother language | 138 (61.3%) | 207 (46.0%) | <0.001 |
Detailed information about diagnoses and treatments | 48 (21.3%) | 60 (13.3%) | 0.008 |
Special access to medical consultations | 54 (24.0%) | 55 (12.2%) | <0.001 |
Hospital indicators in different foreign languages | 43 (19.1%) | 62 (13.8%) | 0.07 |
Mobile applications for real-time translations | 41 (18.2%) | 62 (13.8%) | 0.13 |
Special clinics for migrants | 36 (16.0%) | 58 (12.9%) | 0.27 |
Others | 18 (8.0%) | 11 (2.4%) | 0.001 |
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Share and Cite
Chu, F.-Y.; Chang, H.-T.; Shih, C.-L.; Jeng, C.-J.; Chen, T.-J.; Lee, W.-C. Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2830. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162830
Chu F-Y, Chang H-T, Shih C-L, Jeng C-J, Chen T-J, Lee W-C. Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(16):2830. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162830
Chicago/Turabian StyleChu, Feng-Yuan, Hsiao-Ting Chang, Chung-Liang Shih, Cherng-Jye Jeng, Tzeng-Ji Chen, and Wui-Chiang Lee. 2019. "Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16: 2830. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162830