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Marine Drugs
Volume 18
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10.3390/md18120596
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Article

Fucoidans of Moroccan Brown Seaweed as Elicitors of Natural Defenses in Date Palm Roots

by
Soukaina Bouissil
1,2,
Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi
1,
Guillaume Pierre
2,
Halima Rchid
3,
Philippe Michaud
2,
Cédric Delattre
2,4,* and
Cherkaoui El Modafar
1
1
Laboratoire d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh 40000, Morocco
2
Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
3
Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Université Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
4
Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(12), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120596
Submission received: 9 November 2020 / Revised: 22 November 2020 / Accepted: 25 November 2020 / Published: 26 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fucoidans)
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Abstract

Fucoidans from Moroccan brown seaweed Bifurcaria bifurcata and Fucus spiralis were tested for their elicitor activity after their purification and complete characterization. The fucoidans of B. bifurcata (BBF) and of F. spiralis (FSF) were extracted and purified then characterized by infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. The results show that BBF and FSF are mainly sulfated with 45.49 and 49.53% (w/w) sulfate, respectively. Analysis of neutral sugars determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed that FSF and BBF were mainly composed of 64% and 91% fucose and 20% and 6% galactose, respectively, with a few other sugars such as glucose (8% in FSF), rhamnose (1% in BBF) and mannose (8% in FSF and, 2% in BBF). The eliciting activity of these sulfated polysaccharides in stimulating the natural defenses of the date palm was evaluated through the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and the increase in phenols and lignin content in the roots. The results obtained clearly show that the two fucoidans early and intensely stimulate the natural defenses of the date palm after 24 h of treatments. This remarkable elicitor effect seems to be linked to the sulfated groups compared to non-sulfate alginates extracted from the same algae. These results open promising perspectives for a biological control approach against date palm diseases.
Keywords: sulfated polysaccharides; natural defenses; phenolic metabolism; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase sulfated polysaccharides; natural defenses; phenolic metabolism; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bouissil, S.; Alaoui-Talibi, Z.E.; Pierre, G.; Rchid, H.; Michaud, P.; Delattre, C.; El Modafar, C. Fucoidans of Moroccan Brown Seaweed as Elicitors of Natural Defenses in Date Palm Roots. Mar. Drugs 2020, 18, 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120596

AMA Style

Bouissil S, Alaoui-Talibi ZE, Pierre G, Rchid H, Michaud P, Delattre C, El Modafar C. Fucoidans of Moroccan Brown Seaweed as Elicitors of Natural Defenses in Date Palm Roots. Marine Drugs. 2020; 18(12):596. https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120596

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bouissil, Soukaina, Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi, Guillaume Pierre, Halima Rchid, Philippe Michaud, Cédric Delattre, and Cherkaoui El Modafar. 2020. "Fucoidans of Moroccan Brown Seaweed as Elicitors of Natural Defenses in Date Palm Roots" Marine Drugs 18, no. 12: 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120596

APA Style

Bouissil, S., Alaoui-Talibi, Z. E., Pierre, G., Rchid, H., Michaud, P., Delattre, C., & El Modafar, C. (2020). Fucoidans of Moroccan Brown Seaweed as Elicitors of Natural Defenses in Date Palm Roots. Marine Drugs, 18(12), 596. https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120596

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