Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential
1
Department of Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
2
Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
3
NIOZ, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mar. Drugs 2019, 17(2), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/md17020094
Received: 9 January 2019
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Revised: 25 January 2019
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Accepted: 29 January 2019
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Published: 1 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Jellyfish and Polyps: Cnidarians as Sustainable Resources for Biotechnological Applications and Bioprospecting)
Despite accumulating evidence of the importance of the jellyfish-associated microbiome to jellyfish, its potential relevance to blue biotechnology has only recently been recognized. In this review, we emphasize the biotechnological potential of host–microorganism systems and focus on gelatinous zooplankton as a host for the microbiome with biotechnological potential. The basic characteristics of jellyfish-associated microbial communities, the mechanisms underlying the jellyfish-microbe relationship, and the role/function of the jellyfish-associated microbiome and its biotechnological potential are reviewed. It appears that the jellyfish-associated microbiome is discrete from the microbial community in the ambient seawater, exhibiting a certain degree of specialization with some preferences for specific jellyfish taxa and for specific jellyfish populations, life stages, and body parts. In addition, different sampling approaches and methodologies to study the phylogenetic diversity of the jellyfish-associated microbiome are described and discussed. Finally, some general conclusions are drawn from the existing literature and future research directions are highlighted on the jellyfish-associated microbiome.
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Keywords:
Cnidaria; Ctenophora; biodiversity; bioactive compounds; microbial communities; blue biotechnology
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MDPI and ACS Style
Tinta, T.; Kogovšek, T.; Klun, K.; Malej, A.; Herndl, G.J.; Turk, V. Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential. Mar. Drugs 2019, 17, 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/md17020094
AMA Style
Tinta T, Kogovšek T, Klun K, Malej A, Herndl GJ, Turk V. Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential. Marine Drugs. 2019; 17(2):94. https://doi.org/10.3390/md17020094
Chicago/Turabian StyleTinta, Tinkara, Tjaša Kogovšek, Katja Klun, Alenka Malej, Gerhard J. Herndl, and Valentina Turk. 2019. "Jellyfish-Associated Microbiome in the Marine Environment: Exploring Its Biotechnological Potential" Marine Drugs 17, no. 2: 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/md17020094
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