Factors Influencing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Outcomes for Corneal Thinning and Perforation
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | n (%) | |
---|---|---|
Median Age (IQR) | 65.5 (50.89–75.67) | |
Female | 42 (51%) | |
Self-identified Race | ||
Caucasian | 53 (64%) | |
African American | 18 (22%) | |
Other | 12 (14.5%) | |
Presence of Systemic Conditions | ||
Thyroid disease | 14 (13.5%) | |
Diabetes | 28 (26.9%) | |
Active cancer undergoing therapy | 4 (3.8%) | |
Autoimmune disease | 9 (8.7%) | |
Use of Systemic Immunosuppression | 21 (23%) | |
Corticosteroids | 9 (10.8%) | |
Non-corticosteroid | 12 (14.6%) | |
Presence of Ocular Surface Disease | ||
Dry eye disease | 24 (29%) | |
Neurotrophic keratopathy | 31 (37.3%) | |
Eyelid disorders | 8 (9.6%) | |
Prior corneal transplant | 6 (7.2%) | |
Limbal stem cell deficiency | 4 (4.8%) | |
Prior trauma | 7 (8.4%) | |
Use of Ophthalmic Medications | ||
Corticosteroids | 42 (51%) | |
Antimicrobials | 41 (49.4%) | |
Antifungals | 2 (2%) | |
Anti-amoebics | 1(1%) | |
Anti-glaucoma drops | 20 (24.1%) | |
Oral antivirals | 6 (7.2%) | |
Topical NSAIDs | 2 (2.4%) |
Variable | n (%) | |
---|---|---|
Presenting exam | ||
Perforation | 55 (66%) | |
Thinning or Desmetocele | 28 (34%) | |
Location of perforation/thinning | ||
central | 43 (52%) | |
midperipheral | 22 (27%) | |
peripheral | 18 (22%) | |
Anterior Chamber | ||
Deep or shallow | 63 (76%) | |
Flat | 15 (19%) | |
Unknown | 5 (6%) | |
Etiology | ||
Infectious | 29 (34.9%) | |
Inflammatory | 16 (19.3%) | |
Neurotrophic | 31 (37.3%) | |
Traumatic | 7 (8.4%) | |
Visual acuity at baseline (logMAR) | ||
<1 | 29 (34.9%) | |
≥1 | 54 (65.1%) | |
Number of applications per eye (median, range) | 1 (1–3) | |
one time | 54 (65%) | |
twice | 24 (29%) | |
thrice | 5 (6.0%) | |
Duration of glue on cornea (days) (median, IQR) | 45 (15.5, 91.0) |
Variable | Failure | Success | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 65.3 years | 65.47 years | 0.6 |
Female | 11 (26%) | 31 (74%) | 0.11 |
African American race | 6 (33%) | 12 (67%) | 0.10 |
Use of systemic immunosuppression | >0.9 | ||
No | 12 (19%) | 52 (81%) | |
Yes | 4 (21%) | 15 (79%) | |
Use of topical steroids | >0.9 | ||
No | 8 (20%) | 33 (80%) | |
Yes | 8 (19%) | 34 (81%) | |
Symptom | 0.2 | ||
Perforation | 13 (24%) | 42 (76%) | |
Thinning or desmetocele | 3 (11%) | 25 (89%) | |
Location | 0.7 | ||
Central | 10 (23%) | 33 (77%) | |
Midperipheral | 3 (14%) | 19 (86%) | |
Peripheral | 3 (17%) | 15 (83%) | |
Anterior chamber | 0.15 | ||
Absent | 5 (33%) | 10 (67%) | |
Present | 10 (16%) | 53 (84%) | |
Unable to assess | 1 (20%) | 4 (80%) | |
Etiology | >0.9 | ||
Infectious | 5 (17%) | 24 (83%) | |
Inflammatory | 4 (25%) | 12 (75%) | |
Neurotrophic | 6 (19%) | 25 (81%) | |
Traumatic | 1 (14%) | 6 (86%) | |
Total number of CTA applications | 0.047 | ||
More than once | 9 (31%) | 20 (69%) | |
Once | 7 (13%) | 47 (87%) |
Variable | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
African American race (vs. others) | 0.34 | 0.08–1.42 | 0.1 |
Use of systemic immunosuppression | 1.60 | 0.23–11.3 | 0.6 |
Use of topical steroids prior to glue | 1.30 | 0.35–4.84 | 0.7 |
Perforation (vs. thinning) | 0.61 | 0.12–2.96 | 0.5 |
Central location (versus peripheral) | 0.87 | 0.14–5.29 | 0.9 |
Inflammatory (versus infectious) | 0.80 | 0.09–6.85 | 0.8 |
One CTA application (vs. multiple) | 3.16 | 0.83–12.00 | 0.1 |
Variable | BCVA < 20/200 (n = 29) | BCVA ≥ 20/200 (n = 54) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (median (IQR)) | 55.6 (46.7–65.5) | 69.4 (57.5, 77.8) | 0.005 |
Female | 13 (31%) | 29 (69%) | 0.4 |
Race | 0.7 | ||
African American | 7 (39%) | 11 (61%) | |
Other races | 22 (34%) | 43 (66%) | |
Use of systemic immunosuppression | 0.2 | ||
No | 20 (31%) | 44 (69%) | |
Yes | 9 (47%) | 10 (53%) | |
Use of topical steroids at presentation | 0.03 | ||
No | 19 (46%) | 22 (54%) | |
Yes | 10 (24%) | 32 (76%) | |
Anatomy at presentation | 0.02 | ||
Perforation | 24 (44%) | 31 (56%) | |
Thinning | 5 (18%) | 23 (82%) | |
Location | 0.048 | ||
Central | 15 (35%) | 28 (65%) | |
Midperipheral | 4 (18%) | 18 (82%) | |
Peripheral | 10 (56%) | 8 (44%) | |
Anterior chamber | 0.8 | ||
AC absent | 6 (40%) | 9 (60%) | |
AC present | 23 (37%) | 40 (63%) | |
Unknown | 0 | 5 | |
Etiology | 0.13 | ||
Infectious | 8 (28%) | 21 (72%) | |
Inflammatory | 7 (44%) | 9 (56%) | |
Neurotrophic | 9 (29%) | 22 (71%) | |
Traumatic | 5 (71%) | 2 (29%) | |
Number of CTA applications | 0.046 | ||
More than once | 6 (21%) | 23 (79%) | |
Once | 23 (43%) | 31 (57%) |
Variable | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Older age | 1.05 | 1.01–1.10 | 0.01 |
African American race (vs. others) | 2.52 | 0.56–11.32 | 0.2 |
Use of systemic immunosuppression | 0.08 | 0.01–0.58 | 0.01 |
Use of topical steroids prior to glue | 3.84 | 1.06–14.7 | 0.049 |
Perforation (vs. thinning or desmetocele) | 0.33 | 0.08–1.46 | 0.14 |
Central location (versus peripheral) | 2.59 | 0.52–12.98 | 0.2 |
Inflammatory (versus infectious) | 1.13 | 0.15–8.59 | 0.9 |
One CTA application (vs. multiple) | 0.11 | 0.02–0.56 | 0.008 |
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Om, A.; Badami, A.; Wang, Y.; Cui, X.; Behshad, S.; Kim, J.; Thulasi, P. Factors Influencing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Outcomes for Corneal Thinning and Perforation. Medicina 2025, 61, 492. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030492
Om A, Badami A, Wang Y, Cui X, Behshad S, Kim J, Thulasi P. Factors Influencing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Outcomes for Corneal Thinning and Perforation. Medicina. 2025; 61(3):492. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030492
Chicago/Turabian StyleOm, Anjali, Anjali Badami, Yuqing Wang, Xiangqin Cui, Soroosh Behshad, Joung Kim, and Praneetha Thulasi. 2025. "Factors Influencing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Outcomes for Corneal Thinning and Perforation" Medicina 61, no. 3: 492. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030492
APA StyleOm, A., Badami, A., Wang, Y., Cui, X., Behshad, S., Kim, J., & Thulasi, P. (2025). Factors Influencing Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive Outcomes for Corneal Thinning and Perforation. Medicina, 61(3), 492. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030492