The Associations between Kidney Function and Sexual Dysfunction among Males and Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Patients n = 50 | With DKD n = 24 | Without DKD n = 26 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Erectile function | 18 (9–22) | 20 (11–22.5) | 18 (9–22) | 0.640 |
Orgasmic function | 8 (5–9) | 8 (5–9) | 7.5 (5–9) | 0.695 |
Sexual desire | 7.5 (4–9) | 7.5 (4–9) | 7.5 (5–9) | 0.768 |
Intercourse satisfaction | 9 (6–11) | 10 (5–11) | 9 (6–11) | 0.906 |
Overall satisfaction | 6 (4–8) | 6.5 (4.5–8) | 5 (4–7) | 0.243 |
Total Patients n = 30 | With DKD n = 12 | Without DKD n = 18 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Desire | 2.4 (1.2–3.6) | 1.2 (1.2–3) | 2.7 (1.2–3.6) | 0.465 |
Arousal | 2.7 (1.2–3.67) | 1.2 (1.2–3.6) | 3.15 (1.5–3.6) | 0.232 |
Lubrication | 3.6 (1.2–4.65) | 1.35 (1.2–3.75) | 4.05 (2.4–5.1) | 0.048 |
Orgasm | 3.6 (1.2–4.4) | 1.8 (1.2–4.4) | 3.8 (2.8–4.4) | 0.391 |
Satisfaction | 4 (3.6–5.6) | 3.8 (3.6–4.4) | 4.2 (3.6–5.6) | 0.518 |
Pain | 3 (1.6–5.2) | 2.2 (1.2–4.4) | 3.2 (2–5.6) | 0.146 |
Total score | 19.1 (10.3–25.92) | 12 (9.6–21.25) | 21.85 (15.9–26) | 0.158 |
With SD n = 64 | Without SD n = 16 | p | With ED n = 43 | Without ED n = 7 | p | With FSD n = 22 | Without FSD n = 8 | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) ** | 65.5 (60–73) | 52 (48–59) | 0.025 | 64 (56–72) | 59 (53–65) | 0.41 | 65.5 (61–73) | 59 (51–65.5) | 0.05 |
Diabetes | |||||||||
Diabetes duration (y) ** | 10 (6–15) | 14 (7.5–21) | 0.646 | 8 (5–10) | 17 (10–24) | 0.394 | 14.5 (7–20) | 13.5 (6.5–20.5) | 1 |
HbA1c (%) ** | 6.45 (6.3–7.4) | 8.65 (8.3–9.95) | 0.028 | 7.25 (6.4–8) | 9.95 (8.7–11.2) | 0.157 | 6.75 (6.3–7.7) | 7.85 (6.85–8.7) | 0.078 |
HbA1c below 7% | 27 (42.2%) | 4 (25%) | 0.207 | 15 (34.9%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0.279 | 12 (54.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 0.409 |
FPG (mg/dl) ** | 132.5 (113–172) | 190.5 (134–218) | 0.963 | 172 (139–194) | 161.5 (84–239) | 0.493 | 127 (113–163) | 144 (124–154) | 0.304 |
DKD | |||||||||
DKD | 30 (46.9%) | 6 (37.5%) | 0.50 | 20 (46.5%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.602 | 10 (45.5%) | 2 (25%) | 0.312 |
Albuminuria | 23 (37.7%) | 6 (37.5%) | 0.988 | 16 (40%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.397 | 7 (31.8%) | 2 (25%) | 0.719 |
Stage A1 | 38 (61.3%) | 10 (62.5%) | 0.528 | 24 (58.5%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.498 | 15 (68.2%) | 6 (75%) | 0.677 |
Stage A2 | 14 (22.6%) | 5 (31.3%) | 0.528 | 9 (22%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.498 | 5 (22.7%) | 2 (25%) | 0.677 |
Stage A3 | 10 (16.1%) | 1 (6.3%) | 0.528 | 8 (19.5%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0.498 | 2 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.677 |
eGFR * | 71.77 (19.72) | 96 (6.48) | 0.001 | 76.57 (20.58) | 97 (8.48) | 0.018 | 66.36 (15.19) | 81.5 (13.98) | 0.02 |
eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 19 (30.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.012 | 12 (28.6%) | 0 (0%) | 0.104 | 7 (31.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.068 |
Comorbidities | |||||||||
Dyslipidemia | 48 (77.4%) | 10 (66.7%) | 0.386 | 31 (75.6%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.31 | 18 (81.8%) | 5 (71.4%) | 0.554 |
Dyslipidemia duration ** | 10 (5–14) | 5.5 (1–10) | 0.462 | 7 (3–10) | 10 (10–10) | 0.132 | 10.5 (7.5–14.5) | 1 (1–1) | 0.044 |
Hypertension | 52 (81.3%) | 11 (68.8%) | 0.274 | 35 (81.4%) | 4 (57.1%) | 0.151 | 18 (81.8%) | 6 (75%) | 0.68 |
Hypertension duration * | 9.64 (7.29) | 8.5 (7.32) | 0.483 | 6.78 (4.12) | 5.5 (6.36) | 0.492 | 11.5 (7.95) | 16.25 (1.5) | 0.128 |
CVD disease (stroke, PAD, CAD) | 24 (37.5%) | 4 (25%) | 0.348 | 20 (46.5%) | 3 (42.9%) | 0.857 | 5 (22.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.14 |
r | p | |
---|---|---|
Desire | 0.373 | 0.043 |
Arousal | 0.436 | 0.016 |
Lubrication | 0.475 | 0.008 |
Orgasm | 0.324 | 0.08 |
Satisfaction | 0.111 | 0.558 |
Pain | 0.361 | 0.05 |
Total score | 0.362 | 0.049 |
Model | Unstandardized Coefficients | Standardized Coefficients | t | Sig. | 95.0% CI for B | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B | Std. Error | Beta | Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |||
(a) | |||||||
(Constant) | 124.502 | 13.912 | 8.950 | 0.001 | 96.782 | 152.221 | |
Age | −0.489 | 0.239 | −0.223 | −2.041 | 0.045 | −0.966 | −0.012 |
Diabetes duration | −0.580 | 0.307 | −0.198 | −1.890 | 0.063 | −1.191 | 0.031 |
CVD disease | −8.251 | 4.726 | −0.174 | −1.746 | 0.085 | −17.667 | 1.164 |
SD | −15.860 | 5.829 | −0.281 | −2.721 | 0.008 | −27.475 | −4.245 |
(b) | |||||||
(Constant) | 124.019 | 19.657 | 6.309 | 0.000 | 84.403 | 163.635 | |
Age | −0.214 | 0.334 | −0.089 | −0.642 | 0.524 | −0.888 | 0.459 |
Diabetes duration | −0.923 | 0.431 | −0.291 | −2.144 | 0.038 | −1.791 | −0.056 |
CVD disease | −16.315 | 6.421 | −0.314 | −2.541 | 0.015 | −29.255 | −3.376 |
ED | −24.487 | 9.262 | −0.331 | −2.644 | 0.011 | −43.152 | −5.821 |
(c) | |||||||
(Constant) | 135.405 | 16.446 | 8.233 | 0.000 | 101.601 | 169.210 | |
Age | −0.905 | 0.268 | −0.543 | −3.372 | 0.002 | −1.457 | −0.353 |
Diabetes duration | −0.121 | 0.347 | −0.052 | −0.349 | 0.730 | −0.835 | 0.592 |
FSD | −7.452 | 5.764 | −0.208 | −1.293 | 0.207 | −19.301 | 4.397 |
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Katsimardou, A.; Patoulias, D.; Zografou, I.; Tegou, Z.; Imprialos, K.; Stavropoulos, K.; Toumpourleka, M.; Karagiannis, A.; Petidis, K.; Doumas, M. The Associations between Kidney Function and Sexual Dysfunction among Males and Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Medicina 2023, 59, 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050969
Katsimardou A, Patoulias D, Zografou I, Tegou Z, Imprialos K, Stavropoulos K, Toumpourleka M, Karagiannis A, Petidis K, Doumas M. The Associations between Kidney Function and Sexual Dysfunction among Males and Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Medicina. 2023; 59(5):969. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050969
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatsimardou, Alexandra, Dimitrios Patoulias, Ioanna Zografou, Zoi Tegou, Konstantinos Imprialos, Konstantinos Stavropoulos, Maria Toumpourleka, Asterios Karagiannis, Konstantinos Petidis, and Michael Doumas. 2023. "The Associations between Kidney Function and Sexual Dysfunction among Males and Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" Medicina 59, no. 5: 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59050969