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Volume 15
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10.3390/ph15040436
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Article

Plectranthus zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

by
Mayuri Napagoda
1,*,
Jana Gerstmeier
2,
Hannah Butschek
2,
Sybille Lorenz
3,
Sudhara De Soyza
1,
Mallique Qader
4,
Ajith Nagahawatte
5,
Gaya Bandara Wijayaratne
5,
Bernd Schneider
6,
Aleš Svatoš
3,
Lalith Jayasinghe
4,
Andreas Koeberle
2,7 and
Oliver Werz
2,*
1
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka
2
Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany
3
Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
4
Natural Products Research Division, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
5
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka
6
Research Group Biosynthesis/NMR, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany
7
Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Mitterweg 24, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15(4), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040436
Submission received: 10 March 2022 / Revised: 28 March 2022 / Accepted: 28 March 2022 / Published: 31 March 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Pharmacons: Biologically Active Plant Based Pharmaceuticals)
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Abstract

Plectranthus zeylanicus Benth is used in Sri Lankan folk medicine as a remedy for inflammatory conditions and microbial infections. Our previous investigations revealed potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitory activity in lipophilic extracts of this plant, supporting its anti-inflammatory potential. In-depth studies on the antimicrobial activity have not been conducted and the bioactive ingredients remained elusive. As a continuation of our previous work, the present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of P. zeylanicus and to isolate and characterize bioactive secondary metabolites. Different organic extracts of this plant were analyzed for their antibacterial activity, and the most active extract, i.e., dichloromethane extract, was subjected to bioactivity-guided fractionation, which led to the isolation of 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone. This compound displayed strong antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 µg/mL, and its disinfectant capacity was comparable to the potency of a commercial disinfectant. Moreover, 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone inhibits 5-LO with IC50 values of 1.3 and 5.1 µg/mL in cell-free and cell-based assays, respectively. These findings rationalize the ethnopharmacological use of P. zeylanicus as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory remedy.
Keywords: anti-inflammatory; antimicrobial; disinfectant; Plectranthus zeylanicus anti-inflammatory; antimicrobial; disinfectant; Plectranthus zeylanicus

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MDPI and ACS Style

Napagoda, M.; Gerstmeier, J.; Butschek, H.; Lorenz, S.; De Soyza, S.; Qader, M.; Nagahawatte, A.; Wijayaratne, G.B.; Schneider, B.; Svatoš, A.; et al. Plectranthus zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Pharmaceuticals 2022, 15, 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040436

AMA Style

Napagoda M, Gerstmeier J, Butschek H, Lorenz S, De Soyza S, Qader M, Nagahawatte A, Wijayaratne GB, Schneider B, Svatoš A, et al. Plectranthus zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Pharmaceuticals. 2022; 15(4):436. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040436

Chicago/Turabian Style

Napagoda, Mayuri, Jana Gerstmeier, Hannah Butschek, Sybille Lorenz, Sudhara De Soyza, Mallique Qader, Ajith Nagahawatte, Gaya Bandara Wijayaratne, Bernd Schneider, Aleš Svatoš, and et al. 2022. "Plectranthus zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities" Pharmaceuticals 15, no. 4: 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040436

APA Style

Napagoda, M., Gerstmeier, J., Butschek, H., Lorenz, S., De Soyza, S., Qader, M., Nagahawatte, A., Wijayaratne, G. B., Schneider, B., Svatoš, A., Jayasinghe, L., Koeberle, A., & Werz, O. (2022). Plectranthus zeylanicus: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. Pharmaceuticals, 15(4), 436. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15040436

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