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Volume 14
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Article

Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Lycopodium selago L. on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in Zebrafish

by
Mihai-Vlad Valu
1,2,
Catalin Ducu
2,
Sorin Moga
2,
Denis Negrea
2,
Lucian Hritcu
3,*,
Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
3,
Emanuel Vamanu
4,
Tudor Adrian Balseanu
5,
Simone Carradori
6 and
Liliana Cristina Soare
1
1
Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Pitesti, Targu din Vale Street, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
2
Regional Center of Research & Development for Materials, Processes and Innovative Products Dedicated to the Automotive Industry, University of Pitesti, 11 Doaga Street, 110440 Pitesti, Romania
3
Department of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I, No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
4
Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
5
Experimental Research Center for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
6
Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(6), 568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060568
Submission received: 14 May 2021 / Revised: 2 June 2021 / Accepted: 9 June 2021 / Published: 14 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment of Alzheimer Disease)
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Abstract

This scientific research focused on the production of hydroethanolic extract of the plant species Lycopodium selago L. (L. selago) by the ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) and the identification of biocompounds with high antioxidant activity is of interest for possible phytotherapeutic treatment against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The extract was phytochemically analyzed to investigate polyphenols, flavonoids, and identify the sesquiterpenoid alkaloid huperzine A (HupA), which is known in the literature for its great relevance in AD. Evaluation and comparison of the antioxidant activity of the extract were performed by four complementary spectrophotometric methods (DPPH, FRAP, ABTS, ORAC). In vitro tests of the extract showed an excellent reciprocal link between the concentration of polyphenols and the measurement of the antioxidant activity of the extract with the sesquiterpenoid HupA. To confirm the antioxidant activity, L. selago hydroethanolic extract was administered in vivo to zebrafish (Danio rerio) with a pattern of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment. Moreover, this study explored a possible correlation between the expression of oxidative stress markers in the brain tissue with the behavior of the scopolamine zebrafish model. In vivo tests showed that this fern could be used as a nutritional supply and as a phytotherapeutic method to prevent or treat various neurodegenerative diseases that call for high-nutritive-value medications.
Keywords: Lycopodium selago; ultrasound extraction; antioxidant activity; Huperzine A; Alzheimer’s disease Lycopodium selago; ultrasound extraction; antioxidant activity; Huperzine A; Alzheimer’s disease
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MDPI and ACS Style

Valu, M.-V.; Ducu, C.; Moga, S.; Negrea, D.; Hritcu, L.; Boiangiu, R.S.; Vamanu, E.; Balseanu, T.A.; Carradori, S.; Soare, L.C. Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Lycopodium selago L. on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in Zebrafish. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060568

AMA Style

Valu M-V, Ducu C, Moga S, Negrea D, Hritcu L, Boiangiu RS, Vamanu E, Balseanu TA, Carradori S, Soare LC. Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Lycopodium selago L. on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in Zebrafish. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14(6):568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060568

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valu, Mihai-Vlad, Catalin Ducu, Sorin Moga, Denis Negrea, Lucian Hritcu, Razvan Stefan Boiangiu, Emanuel Vamanu, Tudor Adrian Balseanu, Simone Carradori, and Liliana Cristina Soare. 2021. "Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Lycopodium selago L. on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in Zebrafish" Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 6: 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060568

APA Style

Valu, M.-V., Ducu, C., Moga, S., Negrea, D., Hritcu, L., Boiangiu, R. S., Vamanu, E., Balseanu, T. A., Carradori, S., & Soare, L. C. (2021). Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Lycopodium selago L. on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Deficits in Zebrafish. Pharmaceuticals, 14(6), 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14060568

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