How Much Protoporphyrin IX Must Be Activated to Obtain Full Efficacy of Methyl Aminolevulinate Photodynamic Therapy? Implication for Treatment Modifications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. PpIX Formation
- (I)
- The amount of PpIX after 3 h in the +Cur3hourMAL group (see Methods) was normalized to 100 PpIX units, being the highest amount of PpIX measured in the study. One hundred PpIX units are the amount of PpIX available for photoactivation 3 h after MAL application before illumination with red light in classic PDT.
- (II)
- After 2.5 h, 85 PpIX units were formed in the +Cur3hourMAL group, representing the amount of PpIX available for photoactivation during classic daylight PDT.
- (III)
- After 2.5 h, 57 PpIX units were formed in the +Cur30MinMAL group, representing the amount of PpIX available for photoactivation during daylight pulse PDT.
- (IV)
- When no curettage is performed, 3 h after MAL application, 52 PpIX units were formed in the -Cur3hourMAL group, representing the amount of PpIX available for photoactivation during PDT without curettage.
2.2. PpIX Photoactivation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. PpIX Measurements
4.2. PpIX Formation
4.3. PpIX Photoactivation
4.4. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wulf, H.C.; Heerfordt, I.M.; Philipsen, P.A. How Much Protoporphyrin IX Must Be Activated to Obtain Full Efficacy of Methyl Aminolevulinate Photodynamic Therapy? Implication for Treatment Modifications. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 333. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040333
Wulf HC, Heerfordt IM, Philipsen PA. How Much Protoporphyrin IX Must Be Activated to Obtain Full Efficacy of Methyl Aminolevulinate Photodynamic Therapy? Implication for Treatment Modifications. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14(4):333. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040333
Chicago/Turabian StyleWulf, Hans Christian, Ida M. Heerfordt, and Peter Alshede Philipsen. 2021. "How Much Protoporphyrin IX Must Be Activated to Obtain Full Efficacy of Methyl Aminolevulinate Photodynamic Therapy? Implication for Treatment Modifications" Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 4: 333. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040333