XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles

Nicolucci, Patricia; Gambaro, Guilherme; Araujo Silva, Kyssylla Monnyelle; Souza Lima, Iara; Baffa, Oswaldo; Pasquarelli, Alberto

doi:10.3390/s24082409

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XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles

by

Patricia Nicolucci

¹,

Guilherme Gambaro

¹

,

Kyssylla Monnyelle Araujo Silva

¹

,

Iara Souza Lima

¹

,

Oswaldo Baffa

¹

and

Alberto Pasquarelli

^2,*

¹

Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil

²

Institute of Electron Devices and Circuits, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sensors 2024, 24(8), 2409; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082409

Submission received: 14 March 2024 / Revised: 6 April 2024 / Accepted: 8 April 2024 / Published: 10 April 2024

(This article belongs to the Section Biosensors)

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Abstract

This work presents a novel multielectrode array (MEA) to quantitatively assess the dose enhancement factor (DEF) produced in a medium by embedded nanoparticles. The MEA has 16 nanocrystalline diamond electrodes (in a cell-culture well), and a single-crystal diamond divided into four quadrants for X-ray dosimetry. DEF was assessed in water solutions with up to a 1000 µg/mL concentration of silver, platinum, and gold nanoparticles. The X-ray detectors showed a linear response to radiation dose (r² ≥ 0.9999). Overall, platinum and gold nanoparticles produced a dose enhancement in the medium (maximum of 1.9 and 3.1, respectively), while silver nanoparticles produced a shielding effect (maximum of 37%), lowering the dose in the medium. This work shows that the novel MEA can be a useful tool in the quantitative assessment of radiation dose enhancement due to nanoparticles. Together with its suitability for cells’ exocytosis studies, it proves to be a highly versatile device for several applications.

Keywords: multielectrode array (MEA); diamond detector; nanoparticles; radiation dose enhancement

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nicolucci, P.; Gambaro, G.; Araujo Silva, K.M.; Souza Lima, I.; Baffa, O.; Pasquarelli, A. XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles. Sensors 2024, 24, 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082409

AMA Style

Nicolucci P, Gambaro G, Araujo Silva KM, Souza Lima I, Baffa O, Pasquarelli A. XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles. Sensors. 2024; 24(8):2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082409

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicolucci, Patricia, Guilherme Gambaro, Kyssylla Monnyelle Araujo Silva, Iara Souza Lima, Oswaldo Baffa, and Alberto Pasquarelli. 2024. "XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles" Sensors 24, no. 8: 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082409

APA Style

Nicolucci, P., Gambaro, G., Araujo Silva, K. M., Souza Lima, I., Baffa, O., & Pasquarelli, A. (2024). XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles. Sensors, 24(8), 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/s24082409

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XMEA: A New Hybrid Diamond Multielectrode Array for the In Situ Assessment of the Radiation Dose Enhancement by Nanoparticles

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