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Volume 22
Issue 9
10.3390/s22093212
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Article

Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar

by
Lucas Giroto de Oliveira
*,
Theresa Antes
,
Benjamin Nuss
,
Elizabeth Bekker
,
Akanksha Bhutani
,
Axel Diewald
,
Mohamad Basim Alabd
,
Yueheng Li
,
Mario Pauli
and
Thomas Zwick
Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics (IHE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2022, 22(9), 3212; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093212
Submission received: 25 March 2022 / Revised: 13 April 2022 / Accepted: 18 April 2022 / Published: 22 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Radar Sensors)
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Abstract

In the context of all-digital radar systems, phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) based on pseudorandom binary sequences (PRBSs) appears to be a prominent candidate modulation scheme for applications such as autonomous driving. Among the reasons for its candidacy are its simplified transmitter architecture and lower linearity requirements (e.g., compared to orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing radars), as well as its high velocity unambiguity and multiple-input multiple-output operation capability, all of which are characteristic of digital radars. For appropriate operation of a PMCW radar, choosing a PRBS whose periodic autocorrelation function (PACF) has low sidelobes and high robustness to Doppler shifts is paramount. In this sense, this article performs an analysis of Doppler shift tolerance of the PACFs of typically adopted PRBSs in PMCW radar systems supported by simulation and measurement results. To accurately measure the Doppler-shift-induced degradation of PACFs, peak power loss ratio (PPLR), peak sidelobe level ratio (PSLR), and integrated-sidelobe level ratio (ISLR) were used as metrics. Furthermore, to account for effects on targets whose ranges are not multiples of the range resolution, oversampled PACFs are analyzed.
Keywords: Doppler shift; periodic autocorrelation function; phase-modulated continuous wave; pseudorandom sequence; radar Doppler shift; periodic autocorrelation function; phase-modulated continuous wave; pseudorandom sequence; radar

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MDPI and ACS Style

Giroto de Oliveira, L.; Antes, T.; Nuss, B.; Bekker, E.; Bhutani, A.; Diewald, A.; Alabd, M.B.; Li, Y.; Pauli, M.; Zwick, T. Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar. Sensors 2022, 22, 3212. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093212

AMA Style

Giroto de Oliveira L, Antes T, Nuss B, Bekker E, Bhutani A, Diewald A, Alabd MB, Li Y, Pauli M, Zwick T. Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar. Sensors. 2022; 22(9):3212. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093212

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giroto de Oliveira, Lucas, Theresa Antes, Benjamin Nuss, Elizabeth Bekker, Akanksha Bhutani, Axel Diewald, Mohamad Basim Alabd, Yueheng Li, Mario Pauli, and Thomas Zwick. 2022. "Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar" Sensors 22, no. 9: 3212. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093212

APA Style

Giroto de Oliveira, L., Antes, T., Nuss, B., Bekker, E., Bhutani, A., Diewald, A., Alabd, M. B., Li, Y., Pauli, M., & Zwick, T. (2022). Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar. Sensors, 22(9), 3212. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093212

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