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Volume 22
Issue 4
10.3390/s22041341
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Article

Underwater Energy Harvesting to Extend Operation Time of Submersible Sensors

by
Carlos L. Faria
1,2,*,
Marcos S. Martins
1,2,
Tiago Matos
1,2,
Rui Lima
3,4,
João M. Miranda
4 and
Luís M. Gonçalves
1,2
1
CMEMS-UMinho, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
2
LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
3
METRICS-UMinho, Campus de Azurém, University of Minho, 4804-533 Guimarães, Portugal
4
CEFT, Transport Phenomena Research Center, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2022, 22(4), 1341; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041341
Submission received: 22 November 2021 / Revised: 2 January 2022 / Accepted: 3 February 2022 / Published: 10 February 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sensors: Recent Advances and Challenges)
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Abstract

A linear electromagnetic energy harvesting device for underwater applications, fabricated with a simple manufacturing process, was developed to operate with movement frequencies from 0.1 to 0.4 Hz. The generator has two coils, and the effect of the combination of the two coils was investigated. The experimental study has shown that the energy capture system was able to supply energy to several ocean sensors, producing 7.77 mJ per second with wave movements at 0.4 Hz. This study shows that this energy is enough to restore the energy used by the battery or the capacitor and continue supplying energy to the sensors used in the experimental work. For an ocean wave frequency of 0.4 Hz, the generator can supply power to 8 sensors or 48 sensors, depending on the energy consumed and its optimization.
Keywords: LEG; submersible energy harvesting; energy sensors; ocean energy harvesting; linear electromagnetic generator LEG; submersible energy harvesting; energy sensors; ocean energy harvesting; linear electromagnetic generator
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MDPI and ACS Style

Faria, C.L.; Martins, M.S.; Matos, T.; Lima, R.; Miranda, J.M.; Gonçalves, L.M. Underwater Energy Harvesting to Extend Operation Time of Submersible Sensors. Sensors 2022, 22, 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041341

AMA Style

Faria CL, Martins MS, Matos T, Lima R, Miranda JM, Gonçalves LM. Underwater Energy Harvesting to Extend Operation Time of Submersible Sensors. Sensors. 2022; 22(4):1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041341

Chicago/Turabian Style

Faria, Carlos L., Marcos S. Martins, Tiago Matos, Rui Lima, João M. Miranda, and Luís M. Gonçalves. 2022. "Underwater Energy Harvesting to Extend Operation Time of Submersible Sensors" Sensors 22, no. 4: 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041341

APA Style

Faria, C. L., Martins, M. S., Matos, T., Lima, R., Miranda, J. M., & Gonçalves, L. M. (2022). Underwater Energy Harvesting to Extend Operation Time of Submersible Sensors. Sensors, 22(4), 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22041341

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