A Survey of Smartphone-Based Indoor Positioning System Using RF-Based Wireless Technologies
Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Kwangju 501-759, Korea
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Sensors 2020, 20(24), 7230; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247230
Received: 8 October 2020
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Revised: 9 December 2020
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Accepted: 10 December 2020
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Published: 17 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Indoor Positioning and Navigation)
In recent times, social and commercial interests in location-based services (LBS) are significantly increasing due to the rise in smart devices and technologies. The global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) have long been employed for LBS to navigate and determine accurate and reliable location information in outdoor environments. However, the GNSS signals are too weak to penetrate buildings and unable to provide reliable indoor LBS. Hence, GNSS’s incompetence in the indoor environment invites extensive research and development of an indoor positioning system (IPS). Various technologies and techniques have been studied for IPS development. This paper provides an overview of the available smartphone-based indoor localization solutions that rely on radio frequency technologies. As fingerprinting localization is mostly accepted for IPS development owing to its good localization accuracy, we discuss fingerprinting localization in detail. In particular, our analysis is more focused on practical IPS that are realized using a smartphone and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) as a signal source. Furthermore, we elaborate on the challenges of practical IPS, the available solutions and comprehensive performance comparison, and present some future trends in IPS development.
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Keywords:
indoor positioning system; fingerprinting localization; Bluetooth low energy; Wi-Fi; performance metrics; positioning algorithms
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MDPI and ACS Style
Subedi, S.; Pyun, J.-Y. A Survey of Smartphone-Based Indoor Positioning System Using RF-Based Wireless Technologies. Sensors 2020, 20, 7230. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247230
AMA Style
Subedi S, Pyun J-Y. A Survey of Smartphone-Based Indoor Positioning System Using RF-Based Wireless Technologies. Sensors. 2020; 20(24):7230. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247230
Chicago/Turabian StyleSubedi, Santosh, and Jae-Young Pyun. 2020. "A Survey of Smartphone-Based Indoor Positioning System Using RF-Based Wireless Technologies" Sensors 20, no. 24: 7230. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247230
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