Review of MAC Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks †
1
School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
2
Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
This paper is an extended version of the conference paper: Ma, M.; Liu, K.; Zhang, T. Review of multi-channel MAC protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), Xi’an, China, 16–19 October 2019; pp. 1135–1141.
Sensors 2020, 20(23), 6709; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236709
Received: 27 October 2020
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Revised: 18 November 2020
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Accepted: 20 November 2020
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Published: 24 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) need to support the timely end-to-end transmissions of safety and non-safety messages. Medium access control (MAC) protocols can ensure fair and efficient sharing of channel resources among multiple vehicles for VANETs, which can provide timely packet transmissions and significantly improve road safety. In this paper, we review the standards of some countries for VANETs. Then, we divide the MAC protocols proposed for VANETs into single-channel MAC protocols and multi-channel MAC protocols according to the number of physical occupied spectrum resources. Both are further discussed based on their hierarchical structures, i.e., distributed and centralized structures. General design and optimization mechanisms of these commonly used MAC protocols for VANETs are reviewed. From the viewpoint of 7 aspects, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of these typical MAC protocols. Finally, we discuss the open issues to improve the MAC performance and future work on MAC design for VANETs.
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Keywords:
vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs); medium access control (MAC); multi-channel; single-channel; distributed MAC; centralized MAC; dynamic access interval
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MDPI and ACS Style
Ma, M.; Liu, K.; Luo, X.; Zhang, T.; Liu, F. Review of MAC Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Sensors 2020, 20, 6709. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236709
AMA Style
Ma M, Liu K, Luo X, Zhang T, Liu F. Review of MAC Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Sensors. 2020; 20(23):6709. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236709
Chicago/Turabian StyleMa, Mengyuan, Kai Liu, Xiling Luo, Tao Zhang, and Feng Liu. 2020. "Review of MAC Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks" Sensors 20, no. 23: 6709. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236709
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