Feasibility and Reliability of SmartWatch to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings
1
Department of Electrophysiology, Heart Center Leipzig at University of Leipzig, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
2
Leipzig Heart Digital at Leipzig Heart Institute, 04289 Leipzig, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2020, 20(18), 5074; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185074
Received: 19 July 2020
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Revised: 2 September 2020
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Accepted: 4 September 2020
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Published: 7 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Wearables in Digital Medicine)
Some of the recently released smartwatch products feature a single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recording capability. The reliability of obtaining 3-lead ECG with smartwatches is yet to be confirmed in a large study. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and reliability of smartwatch to obtain 3-lead ECG recordings, the classical Einthoven ECG leads I-III compared to standard ECG. To record lead I, the watch was worn on the left wrist and the right index finger was placed on the digital crown for 30 s. For lead II, the watch was placed on the lower abdomen and the right index finger was placed on the digital crown for 30 s. For lead III, the same process was repeated with the left index finger. Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman tests were used for data analysis. A total of 300 smartwatch ECG tracings were successfully obtained. ECG waves’ characteristics of all three leads obtained from the smartwatch had a similar duration, amplitude, and polarity compared to standard ECG. The results of this study suggested that the examined smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 4) could obtain 3-lead ECG tracings, including Einthoven leads I, II, and III by placing the smartwatch on the described positions.
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Keywords:
smartwatch; Apple Watch; electrocardiogram; feasibility; reliability; wearables; mobile health
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MDPI and ACS Style
Behzadi, A.; Sepehri Shamloo, A.; Mouratis, K.; Hindricks, G.; Arya, A.; Bollmann, A. Feasibility and Reliability of SmartWatch to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings. Sensors 2020, 20, 5074. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185074
AMA Style
Behzadi A, Sepehri Shamloo A, Mouratis K, Hindricks G, Arya A, Bollmann A. Feasibility and Reliability of SmartWatch to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings. Sensors. 2020; 20(18):5074. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185074
Chicago/Turabian StyleBehzadi, Amirali, Alireza Sepehri Shamloo, Konstantinos Mouratis, Gerhard Hindricks, Arash Arya, and Andreas Bollmann. 2020. "Feasibility and Reliability of SmartWatch to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram Recordings" Sensors 20, no. 18: 5074. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185074
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