Identification of Tequila with an Array of ZnO Thin Films: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method
1
Universidad Tecnológica de Zinacantepec, Av. Libramiento Universidad 106, San Bartolo el Llano, 51361 Zinacantepec, Estado de México, Mexico
2
MINOS-EMaS, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Avda. Països Catalans, 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
3
Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Materiales Avanzados (LIDMA), Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón Esquina Paseo Tollocan, Toluca 50200, Estado de México, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2017, 17(12), 2943; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122943
Received: 24 November 2017
/
Revised: 12 December 2017
/
Accepted: 14 December 2017
/
Published: 19 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical Sensors)
An array of ZnO thin film sensors was obtained by thermal oxidation of physical vapor deposited thin Zn films. Different conditions of the thermal treatment (duration and temperature) were applied in view of obtaining ZnO sensors with different gas sensing properties. Films having undergone a long thermal treatment exhibited high responses to low ethanol concentrations, while short thermal treatments generally led to sensors with high ethanol sensitivity. The sensor array was used to distinguish among Tequilas and Agave liquor. Linear discriminant analysis and the multilayer perceptron neural network reached 100% and 86.3% success rates in the discrimination between real Tequila and Agave liquor and in the identification of Tequila brands, respectively. These results are promising for the development of an inexpensive tool offering low complexity and cost of analysis for detecting fraud in spirits.
View Full-Text
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Acuña-Avila, P.E.; Calavia, R.; Vigueras-Santiago, E.; Llobet, E. Identification of Tequila with an Array of ZnO Thin Films: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method. Sensors 2017, 17, 2943. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122943
AMA Style
Acuña-Avila PE, Calavia R, Vigueras-Santiago E, Llobet E. Identification of Tequila with an Array of ZnO Thin Films: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method. Sensors. 2017; 17(12):2943. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122943
Chicago/Turabian StyleAcuña-Avila, Pedro E., Raúl Calavia, Enrique Vigueras-Santiago, and Eduard Llobet. 2017. "Identification of Tequila with an Array of ZnO Thin Films: A Simple and Cost-Effective Method" Sensors 17, no. 12: 2943. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122943
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
