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Article

Effects of Gelatin Hydrolysate from Bigeye Snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) Skin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats

by
Jirakhamon Sengking
1,
Phakkawat Thangwong
2,3,
Pranglada Jearjaroen
4,
Nuttapong Yawoot
5,
Sutee Wangtueai
6,7,
Jiraporn Tocharus
8 and
Chainarong Tocharus
1,*
1
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
3
Research Center in Tropical Pathology, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
4
Integrated Neuro-Musculoskeletal, Chronic Disease, and Aging Research Engagement Center (ICARE Center), Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
5
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
6
School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
7
Cluster of Innovation for Sustainable Seafood Industry and Value Chain Management, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
8
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(6), 2856; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062856
Submission received: 19 January 2026 / Revised: 6 March 2026 / Accepted: 8 March 2026 / Published: 21 March 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Biology of Hypoxia: 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

Gelatin hydrolysate (GH), a bioactive compound derived from collagen, has demonstrated potential therapeutic benefits in various medical conditions. However, its effects on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the anti-oxidative stress effects of GH in alleviating brain damage and cognitive impairment in CCH-induced rats. Male Wistar rats underwent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to induce CCH and were randomly divided into five groups: (1) sham, (2) 2-vessel occlusion (2VO), (3) 2VO + 250 mg/kg GH, (4) 2VO + 500 mg/kg GH, and (5) 2VO + piracetam. Treatments were administered for 35 days of post-operation. GH treatment significantly mitigated oxidative stress, as evidenced by reduced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and the expression of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Furthermore, GH exhibited antioxidant activity by upregulating superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels via nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) activation. This, in turn, reduced neuronal apoptosis by decreasing Bax and cleaved-caspase 3 levels and increasing Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, GH treatment ameliorated Tau protein hyperphosphorylation and improved synaptic function. Overall, GH exerted neuroprotective effects against oxidative stress-related neuronal damage and enhanced neuroplasticity, learning, and memory in rats with CCH-induced cognitive impairment.
Keywords: gelatin hydrolysate; chronic cerebral hypoperfusion; cognitive impairment; oxidative stress; neuronal apoptosis gelatin hydrolysate; chronic cerebral hypoperfusion; cognitive impairment; oxidative stress; neuronal apoptosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sengking, J.; Thangwong, P.; Jearjaroen, P.; Yawoot, N.; Wangtueai, S.; Tocharus, J.; Tocharus, C. Effects of Gelatin Hydrolysate from Bigeye Snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) Skin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 2856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062856

AMA Style

Sengking J, Thangwong P, Jearjaroen P, Yawoot N, Wangtueai S, Tocharus J, Tocharus C. Effects of Gelatin Hydrolysate from Bigeye Snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) Skin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(6):2856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062856

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sengking, Jirakhamon, Phakkawat Thangwong, Pranglada Jearjaroen, Nuttapong Yawoot, Sutee Wangtueai, Jiraporn Tocharus, and Chainarong Tocharus. 2026. "Effects of Gelatin Hydrolysate from Bigeye Snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) Skin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 6: 2856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062856

APA Style

Sengking, J., Thangwong, P., Jearjaroen, P., Yawoot, N., Wangtueai, S., Tocharus, J., & Tocharus, C. (2026). Effects of Gelatin Hydrolysate from Bigeye Snapper (Priacanthus tayenus) Skin in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(6), 2856. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062856

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