Effects of Proton Therapy on Cardiac Fibrosis, Calcium Homeostasis, and AQP4 Expression in Hypergravity-Exposed Rats
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Cardiac Hypertrophy and Histological Findings
2.2. Evaluation of Fibrosis Area in Rat Hearts Treated with Proton Therapy
2.3. Increased p-CaMKII, RyR2, and p-PLB in HyperG Group
2.4. Evaluation of AQP4 Gene and Protein Expression Levels
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Exposure of Hypergravity and Radiation on Animal Models
4.2. Histology Analysis and Immunofluorescence
4.3. Western Blotting
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Park, H.; Park, B.; Kim, K.-S.; Park, H.; Park, J. Effects of Proton Therapy on Cardiac Fibrosis, Calcium Homeostasis, and AQP4 Expression in Hypergravity-Exposed Rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136326
Park H, Park B, Kim K-S, Park H, Park J. Effects of Proton Therapy on Cardiac Fibrosis, Calcium Homeostasis, and AQP4 Expression in Hypergravity-Exposed Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(13):6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136326
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Hyewon, Bokyeong Park, Kyu-Sung Kim, Hyelim Park, and Junbeom Park. 2025. "Effects of Proton Therapy on Cardiac Fibrosis, Calcium Homeostasis, and AQP4 Expression in Hypergravity-Exposed Rats" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13: 6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136326
APA StylePark, H., Park, B., Kim, K.-S., Park, H., & Park, J. (2025). Effects of Proton Therapy on Cardiac Fibrosis, Calcium Homeostasis, and AQP4 Expression in Hypergravity-Exposed Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(13), 6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136326