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Volume 25
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Review

Secreted Phospholipases A2: Drivers of Inflammation and Cancer

by
Ivan Hidalgo
1,†,
Maria Alba Sorolla
1,†,
Anabel Sorolla
1,
Antonieta Salud
1,2,3 and
Eva Parisi
1,4,*
1
Research Group of Cancer Biomarkers, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
2
Department of Medical Oncology, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital (HUAV), 25198 Lleida, Spain
3
Department of Medicine, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
4
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(22), 12408; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212408
Submission received: 2 October 2024 / Revised: 8 November 2024 / Accepted: 15 November 2024 / Published: 19 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Review Papers in Molecular Immunology 2024)
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Abstract

Secreted phospholipase 2 (sPLA2) is the largest family of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes with 11 mammalian isoforms. Each sPLA2 exhibits different localizations and specific properties, being involved in a very wide spectrum of biological processes. The enzymatic activity of sPLA2 has been well described; however, recent findings have shown that they could regulate different signaling pathways by acting directly as ligands. Arachidonic acid (AA) and its derivatives are produced by sPLA2 in collaboration with other molecules in the extracellular space, making important impacts on the cellular environment, being especially relevant in the contexts of immunity and cancer. For these reasons, this review focuses on sPLA2 functions in processes such as the promotion of EMT, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation in the context of tumor initiation and progression. Finally, we will also describe how this knowledge has been applied in the search for new sPLA2 inhibitory compounds that can be used for cancer treatment.
Keywords: phospholipases; sPLA2; arachidonic acid; tumor microenvironment; EMT phospholipases; sPLA2; arachidonic acid; tumor microenvironment; EMT

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hidalgo, I.; Sorolla, M.A.; Sorolla, A.; Salud, A.; Parisi, E. Secreted Phospholipases A2: Drivers of Inflammation and Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 12408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212408

AMA Style

Hidalgo I, Sorolla MA, Sorolla A, Salud A, Parisi E. Secreted Phospholipases A2: Drivers of Inflammation and Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(22):12408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212408

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hidalgo, Ivan, Maria Alba Sorolla, Anabel Sorolla, Antonieta Salud, and Eva Parisi. 2024. "Secreted Phospholipases A2: Drivers of Inflammation and Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 22: 12408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212408

APA Style

Hidalgo, I., Sorolla, M. A., Sorolla, A., Salud, A., & Parisi, E. (2024). Secreted Phospholipases A2: Drivers of Inflammation and Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(22), 12408. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252212408

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