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Review

Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke—A Systematic Review

by
Elke Boxhammer
1,*,
Christiane Dienhart
2,
Richard Rezar
1,
Uta C. Hoppe
1 and
Michael Lichtenauer
1
1
Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
2
Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepathology, Nephrology, Metabolism and Diabetology, Paracelsus Medical University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5568; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105568
Submission received: 17 April 2024 / Revised: 16 May 2024 / Accepted: 18 May 2024 / Published: 20 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular Basis, Potential Therapeutic Targets and Translational Research)
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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by binding to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). miRNAs have been implicated in a variety of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, such as myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathies of various geneses, rhythmological diseases, neurodegenerative illnesses and strokes. Numerous studies have focused on the expression of miRNA patterns with respect to atrial fibrillation (AF) or acute ischemic stroke (AIS) However, only a few studies have addressed the expression pattern of miRNAs in patients with AF and AIS in order to provide not only preventive information but also to identify therapeutic potentials. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize 18 existing manuscripts that have dealt with this combined topic of AF and associated AIS in detail and to shed light on the most frequently mentioned miRNAs-1, -19, -21, -145 and -146 with regard to their molecular mechanisms and targets on both the heart and the brain. From this, possible diagnostic and therapeutic consequences for the future could be derived.
Keywords: atrial fibrillation; biomarker; cerebrovascular disease; microRNA; ischemic stroke atrial fibrillation; biomarker; cerebrovascular disease; microRNA; ischemic stroke

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boxhammer, E.; Dienhart, C.; Rezar, R.; Hoppe, U.C.; Lichtenauer, M. Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke—A Systematic Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105568

AMA Style

Boxhammer E, Dienhart C, Rezar R, Hoppe UC, Lichtenauer M. Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke—A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(10):5568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105568

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boxhammer, Elke, Christiane Dienhart, Richard Rezar, Uta C. Hoppe, and Michael Lichtenauer. 2024. "Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke—A Systematic Review" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10: 5568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105568

APA Style

Boxhammer, E., Dienhart, C., Rezar, R., Hoppe, U. C., & Lichtenauer, M. (2024). Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke—A Systematic Review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(10), 5568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105568

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