Eucommia Polysaccharides Ameliorate Aging-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Potential Mechanism for Life Extension in Drosophila
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphology, Monosaccharide Composition, and Molecular Weight of EPs
2.2. Supplementation of EPs with a Proper Concentration Extended the Life Span of Drosophila
2.3. Supplementation of EPs Promotes Locomotor Activity and Fecundity in Old Flies
2.4. EPs Reduced the Oxidative Stress of Aged Drosophila
2.5. EPs Selectively Suppressed Gluconobacter, Providencia, and Enterobacteriaceae, the Main Bacterial Source of ROS from the Microbiome in Aged Drosophila
2.6. Association between the Life-Extending Effect and Gut Microbiota of EPs in Drosophila
2.7. FMT of the 30-Day-Old Flies from the EP Groups has a Similar Effect on the Gut Microbiota as EPs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Preparation of EPs
4.2. Characterization of EPs
4.3. Drosophila Stocks and Culture
4.4. EPs Supplementation and Antibiotic Treatments
4.5. Assays of Life Span, Body Weight, and Egg-Laying
4.6. Locomotor Activity
4.7. Assays of Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
4.8. Midgut and Hindgut Dissection
4.9. ROS Measurement
4.10. DNA Extraction and PCR Amplification and Sequencing
4.11. Sequencing and Analysis of 16S rRNA
4.12. Mass Spectrometry Measurement and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis
4.13. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Monosaccharide | (% w/w) |
---|---|
Mannose | 1.12872 |
Rhamnose | 2.18416 |
Galacturonic acid | 3.15037 |
Glucose | 82.70771 |
Galactose | 0.79398 |
Xylose | 2.01605 |
Arabinose | 1.99197 |
Figure 2B–G | n | Mean (% Change) | Median (% Change) | Log-Rank (vs. Control) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 200 | 30.41 | 32 | - |
1% EPs | 200 | 31.37 (+3.2%) | 32 (+0) | p > 0.05 |
2% EPs | 200 | 33.02 (+8.6%) | 34 (+6.3%) | p < 0.01 |
4% EPs | 200 | 34.81 (+14.5%) | 38 (+18.8%) | p < 0.01 |
8% EPs | 200 | 26.11 (−14.1%) | 27 (−15.6%) | p < 0.01 |
16% EPs | 200 | 21.43 (−29.5%) | 21 (−34.4%) | p < 0.01 |
Figure 6B,C | n | Mean (% Change) | Median (% Change) | Log-Rank (vs. Control) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 200 | 30.41 | 32 | - |
4% EPs | 200 | 34.81 (+14.5%) | 38.00 (+18.8%) | p < 0.01 |
Antibiotic | 200 | 29.67 (−0.7%) | 32.00 | p > 0.05 |
EP+antibiotic | 200 | 31.85 (+4.5%) | 34.00 (+6.2%) | p < 0.01 |
FMT-EA | 200 | 32.81 (+7.3%) | 34.00 (+6.2%) | p < 0.01 |
FMT-A | 200 | 29.15 (−1.3%) | 33.00 (1%) | p > 0.05 |
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Wei, J.-J.; Li, X.-J.; Liu, W.; Chai, X.-J.; Zhu, X.-Y.; Sun, P.-H.; Liu, F.; Zhao, Y.-K.; Huang, J.-L.; Liu, Y.-F.; et al. Eucommia Polysaccharides Ameliorate Aging-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Potential Mechanism for Life Extension in Drosophila. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 5881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065881
Wei J-J, Li X-J, Liu W, Chai X-J, Zhu X-Y, Sun P-H, Liu F, Zhao Y-K, Huang J-L, Liu Y-F, et al. Eucommia Polysaccharides Ameliorate Aging-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Potential Mechanism for Life Extension in Drosophila. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6):5881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065881
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei, Jing-Jing, Xiu-Juan Li, Wei Liu, Xue-Jun Chai, Xiao-Yan Zhu, Peng-Hao Sun, Feng Liu, Yong-Kang Zhao, Jun-Lang Huang, Ya-Fei Liu, and et al. 2023. "Eucommia Polysaccharides Ameliorate Aging-Associated Gut Dysbiosis: A Potential Mechanism for Life Extension in Drosophila" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6: 5881. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065881