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Article

Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the Physical Properties of an Epoxy Resin

by
F. Fraga-López
1,*,
Lisbeth Jiménez Carrillo
2,
María Pilar Vázquez-Tato
3,
Julio A. Seijas
3,
Francisco Meijide
4,
José Vázquez Tato
4 and
Aida Jover
4
1
Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
2
Laboratorio de Investigación y Tecnología de Polímeros, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
3
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
4
Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(6), 5638; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065638
Submission received: 3 February 2023 / Revised: 7 March 2023 / Accepted: 9 March 2023 / Published: 15 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering)
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Abstract

The effect of doping the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA)/m-xylylenediamine (mXDA) system with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) has been studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and dielectric analysis (DEA). The evolved heat (ΔHt), the glass transition temperature (Tg), and the associated activation energies of this relaxation process have been determined. Below a certain concentration of AuNPs (=8.5%, in mg AuNP/g epoxy matrix), Tg decreases linearly with the concentration of AuNPs, but above it, Tg is not affected. The degree of conversion α of this epoxy system was analyzed by the semiempirical Kamal’s model, evidencing that diffusion correction is required at high values of α. Activation energy values suggest that AuNPs can cause some impediments at the beginning of the crosslinking process (n-order mechanism). The slight difference between the initial decomposition temperature, as well as the temperature for which the degradation rate is at a maximum, for both systems can be accepted to be within experimental error. Mechanical properties (tension, compression, and bending tests) are not affected by the presence of AuNPs. Dielectric measurements show the existence of a second Tg at high temperatures, which was analyzed using the Tsagarapoulos and Eisenberg model of the mobility restrictions of network chains bound to the filler.
Keywords: bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA); m-xylylenediamine; gold nanoparticles; epoxy resin; glass transition temperature; degree of conversion bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA); m-xylylenediamine; gold nanoparticles; epoxy resin; glass transition temperature; degree of conversion

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fraga-López, F.; Carrillo, L.J.; Vázquez-Tato, M.P.; Seijas, J.A.; Meijide, F.; Vázquez Tato, J.; Jover, A. Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the Physical Properties of an Epoxy Resin. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 5638. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065638

AMA Style

Fraga-López F, Carrillo LJ, Vázquez-Tato MP, Seijas JA, Meijide F, Vázquez Tato J, Jover A. Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the Physical Properties of an Epoxy Resin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(6):5638. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065638

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fraga-López, F., Lisbeth Jiménez Carrillo, María Pilar Vázquez-Tato, Julio A. Seijas, Francisco Meijide, José Vázquez Tato, and Aida Jover. 2023. "Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the Physical Properties of an Epoxy Resin" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6: 5638. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065638

APA Style

Fraga-López, F., Carrillo, L. J., Vázquez-Tato, M. P., Seijas, J. A., Meijide, F., Vázquez Tato, J., & Jover, A. (2023). Effect of Gold Nanoparticles on the Physical Properties of an Epoxy Resin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(6), 5638. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065638

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