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Article

A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10

by
Francesca M. Piras
1,†,
Eleonora Cappelletti
1,†,
Wasma A. Abdelgadir
1,
Giulio Salamon
2,
Simone Vignati
3,
Marco Santagostino
1,
Lorenzo Sola
1,
Solomon G. Nergadze
1 and
Elena Giulotto
1,*
1
Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
2
Oasi di Sant’Alessio, Sant’Alessio con Vialone, 27016 Pavia, Italy
3
Independent Researcher, 27100 Pavia, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 4134; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044134
Submission received: 20 January 2023 / Revised: 15 February 2023 / Accepted: 16 February 2023 / Published: 18 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Genomes and Epigenomes)
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Abstract

In mammals, centromeres are epigenetically specified by the histone H3 variant CENP-A and are typically associated with satellite DNA. We previously described the first example of a natural satellite-free centromere on Equus caballus chromosome 11 (ECA11) and, subsequently, on several chromosomes in other species of the genus Equus. We discovered that these satellite-free neocentromeres arose recently during evolution through centromere repositioning and/or chromosomal fusion, after inactivation of the ancestral centromere, where, in many cases, blocks of satellite sequences were maintained. Here, we investigated by FISH the chromosomal distribution of satellite DNA families in Equus przewalskii (EPR), demonstrating a good degree of conservation of the localization of the major horse satellite families 37cen and 2PI with the domestic horse. Moreover, we demonstrated, by ChIP-seq, that 37cen is the satellite bound by CENP-A and that the centromere of EPR10, the ortholog of ECA11, is devoid of satellite sequences. Our results confirm that these two species are closely related and that the event of centromere repositioning which gave rise to EPR10/ECA11 centromeres occurred in the common ancestor, before the separation of the two horse lineages.
Keywords: Equus przewalskii; karyotype evolution; centromere; satellite DNA; ChIP-seq Equus przewalskii; karyotype evolution; centromere; satellite DNA; ChIP-seq

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MDPI and ACS Style

Piras, F.M.; Cappelletti, E.; Abdelgadir, W.A.; Salamon, G.; Vignati, S.; Santagostino, M.; Sola, L.; Nergadze, S.G.; Giulotto, E. A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 4134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044134

AMA Style

Piras FM, Cappelletti E, Abdelgadir WA, Salamon G, Vignati S, Santagostino M, Sola L, Nergadze SG, Giulotto E. A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(4):4134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044134

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piras, Francesca M., Eleonora Cappelletti, Wasma A. Abdelgadir, Giulio Salamon, Simone Vignati, Marco Santagostino, Lorenzo Sola, Solomon G. Nergadze, and Elena Giulotto. 2023. "A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4: 4134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044134

APA Style

Piras, F. M., Cappelletti, E., Abdelgadir, W. A., Salamon, G., Vignati, S., Santagostino, M., Sola, L., Nergadze, S. G., & Giulotto, E. (2023). A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(4), 4134. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044134

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