Optimization of the Zebrafish Larvae Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure Model for the Study of Caffeine and Topiramate Interactions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. The Influence of Caffeine and Topiramate Combination on Larval Locomotor Activity
2.2. Caffeine and Paraxanthine Quantification
2.3. Topiramate Quantification
3. Discussion
3.1. The Influence of Caffeine and Topiramate on Larvae Locomotor Activity
3.2. Caffeine and Topiramate Metabolism
3.3. Translating Animal Studies into Human
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Chemicals
4.3. Evaluation of Locomotor Behavior
4.4. Treatments for the Assessment of Caffeine and Topiramate Concentrations
4.5. Sample Preparation
4.6. LC-QQQ-MS Analysis
4.7. Statistical Analysis
4.8. Study Limitations
4.9. Study Impact
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Analyte | Formula | Retention Time (min) | Retention Window (min) | Precursor Ion m/z | Product Ion m/z | Fragmentor (V) | Collision Energy (V) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Caffeine | C8H10N4O2 | 5.29 | 0.5 | 195.1 | 110 | 136 | 25 |
195.1 | 138 | 136 | 21 | ||||
195.1 | 83 | 136 | 29 | ||||
195.1 | 69.1 | 136 | 33 | ||||
195.1 | 56.1 | 136 | 37 | ||||
Paraxanthine | C7H8N4O2 | 3.33 | 0.5 | 181.1 | 124 | 118 | 22 |
181.1 | 96 | 118 | 26 | ||||
181.1 | 69.1 | 118 | 38 | ||||
181.1 | 67 | 118 | 42 | ||||
181.1 | 55.1 | 118 | 34 | ||||
Topiramate | C12H21NO8S | 5.83 | 0.5 | 340.1 | 184 | 136 | 13 |
340.1 | 264 | 136 | 5 |
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Bartoszek, A.; Trzpil, A.; Kozub, A.; Fornal, E. Optimization of the Zebrafish Larvae Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure Model for the Study of Caffeine and Topiramate Interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 12723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612723
Bartoszek A, Trzpil A, Kozub A, Fornal E. Optimization of the Zebrafish Larvae Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure Model for the Study of Caffeine and Topiramate Interactions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(16):12723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612723
Chicago/Turabian StyleBartoszek, Adrian, Alicja Trzpil, Anna Kozub, and Emilia Fornal. 2023. "Optimization of the Zebrafish Larvae Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure Model for the Study of Caffeine and Topiramate Interactions" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 16: 12723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612723