OSCA Genes in Bread Wheat: Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Interaction Analyses Indicated Their Diverse Roles during Development and Stress Response
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In Silico Identification, Chromosomal Distribution, and Protein Characterization
2.2. Prediction of Duplication Events and Ka/Ks Analysis
2.3. Phylogenetic Analysis
2.4. Expression Profiling of TaOSCA Genes in Tissue Developmental Stages
2.5. Expression Profiling of TaOSCA Genes in Abiotic Stresses
2.6. Expression Profiling of TaOSCA Genes in Biotic Stresses
2.7. qRT-PCR Analysis under CaCl2 Treatment
2.8. Co-Expression Analysis and Gene Ontology Mapping
2.9. Protein–Protein Interaction Analysis
2.10. Protein–Chemical Interaction Analysis
2.11. miRNAs Interaction Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Identification and Chromosomal Distribution
4.2. In Silico Protein Characterization
4.3. Prediction of Duplication Events and Ka/Ks Analysis
4.4. Phylogenetic Analysis
4.5. Expression Profiling of TaOSCA Genes
4.6. qRT-PCR Analysis
4.7. Co-Expression Analysis and Gene Ontology Mapping
4.8. Protein–Protein, Protein–Chemical, and miRNA Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene A | Gene B | Ka | Ks | Ka/Ks | T = Ks/2r | Selection Pressure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TaOSCA4-A | TaOSCA6-B | 0.0885 | 0.5033 | 0.1758 | 13.5 MYA | Purifying |
TaOSCA1-B | TaOSCA2-D | 0.0697 | 0.2413 | 0.2886 | 22.2 MYA | Purifying |
TaOSCA12-B | TaOSCA13-B | 0.1297 | 0.3029 | 0.4282 | 32.9 MYA | Purifying |
Group A | Group B | Outgroup | Nt | Na | Nb | χ2 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TaOSCA4-A | TaOSCA6-B | TaOSCA11-B | 93 | 10 | 6 | 1.00 | 0.31731 |
TaOSCA1-B | TaOSCA2-D | TaOSCA5-B | 201 | 13 | 15 | 0.14 | 0.70546 |
TaOSCA12-B | TaOSCA13-B | TaOSCA11-D | 112 | 13 | 11 | 0.17 | 0.68309 |
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Kaur, A.; Sharma, A.; Madhu; Dixit, S.; Singh, K.; Upadhyay, S.K. OSCA Genes in Bread Wheat: Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Interaction Analyses Indicated Their Diverse Roles during Development and Stress Response. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314867
Kaur A, Sharma A, Madhu, Dixit S, Singh K, Upadhyay SK. OSCA Genes in Bread Wheat: Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Interaction Analyses Indicated Their Diverse Roles during Development and Stress Response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):14867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314867
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaur, Amandeep, Alok Sharma, Madhu, Sameer Dixit, Kashmir Singh, and Santosh Kumar Upadhyay. 2022. "OSCA Genes in Bread Wheat: Molecular Characterization, Expression Profiling, and Interaction Analyses Indicated Their Diverse Roles during Development and Stress Response" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 14867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314867