Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Differential Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS) Supplementation on the Human Gut Ecosystem
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Increase of Bifidobacterium in Feces by FOS Supplementation
2.2. Increase of Fecal Fructose during the FOS Intake in Some Individuals
2.3. Genetic Differences in Fructose Metabolism from Metagenomic Analysis
2.4. Impact of FOS Intake on the Immune Compartment
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Study Design
4.3. FOS Supplementation
4.4. Sample Collection
4.5. Measurement of Fecal IgA
4.6. Bacterial DNA Extraction
4.7. Bacterial 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing and Processing
4.8. Metagenomic Sequencing
4.9. Assembly of Metagenomic Sequences and Gene Prediction
4.10. Functional Assignment of Non-Redundant Genes in Human Gut Microbiomes
4.11. Quantification of the Annotated Genes in Human Gut Microbiomes
4.12. Metabolic Profiling of Human Fecal Samples
4.13. Quantification of Bacterial Number and Gene Expression Using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)
4.14. Correlation Network Construction
4.15. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) Isolation and Analysis
4.16. Multivariate Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kato, T.; Kagawa, M.; Suda, W.; Tsuboi, Y.; Inoue-Suzuki, S.; Kikuchi, J.; Hattori, M.; Ohta, T.; Ohno, H. Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Differential Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS) Supplementation on the Human Gut Ecosystem. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 11728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911728
Kato T, Kagawa M, Suda W, Tsuboi Y, Inoue-Suzuki S, Kikuchi J, Hattori M, Ohta T, Ohno H. Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Differential Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS) Supplementation on the Human Gut Ecosystem. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(19):11728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911728
Chicago/Turabian StyleKato, Tamotsu, Masaharu Kagawa, Wataru Suda, Yuuri Tsuboi, Sayo Inoue-Suzuki, Jun Kikuchi, Masahira Hattori, Toshiko Ohta, and Hiroshi Ohno. 2022. "Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Differential Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS) Supplementation on the Human Gut Ecosystem" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 19: 11728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911728
APA StyleKato, T., Kagawa, M., Suda, W., Tsuboi, Y., Inoue-Suzuki, S., Kikuchi, J., Hattori, M., Ohta, T., & Ohno, H. (2022). Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Differential Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharides (FOS) Supplementation on the Human Gut Ecosystem. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(19), 11728. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231911728