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Volume 23
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Article

Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses of Two Contrasting Pepper Genotypes under Salt Stress Reveal Complex Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Seedlings

by
Tao Zhang
1,
Kaile Sun
1,
Xiaoke Chang
2,
Zhaopeng Ouyang
1,
Geng Meng
1,
Yanan Han
2,
Shunshan Shen
3,
Qiuju Yao
2,
Fengzhi Piao
1,* and
Yong Wang
1,*
1
College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
2
Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
3
College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(17), 9701; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179701
Submission received: 4 August 2022 / Revised: 23 August 2022 / Accepted: 23 August 2022 / Published: 26 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Plant Sciences)
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Abstract

As a glycophyte plant, pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is widely cultivated worldwide, but its growth is susceptible to salinity damage, especially at the seedling stage. Here, we conducted a study to determine the physiological and transcriptional differences between two genotype seedlings (P300 and 323F3) with contrasting tolerance under salt stress. The P300 seedlings were more salt-tolerant and had higher K+ contents, higher antioxidase activities, higher compatible solutes, and lower Na+ contents in both their roots and their leaves than the 323F3 seedlings. During RNA-seq analysis of the roots, more up-regulated genes and fewer down-regulated genes were identified between salt-treated P300 seedlings and the controls than between salt-treated 323F3 and the controls. Many ROS-scavenging genes and several SOS pathway genes were significantly induced by salt stress and exhibited higher expressions in the salt-treated roots of the P300 seedlings than those of 323F3 seedlings. Moreover, biosynthesis of the unsaturated fatty acids pathway and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway were deeply involved in the responses of P300 to salt stress, and most of the differentially expressed genes involved in the two pathways, including the genes that encode mega-6 fatty acid desaturases and heat-shock proteins, were up-regulated. We also found differences in the hormone synthesis and signaling pathway genes in both the P300 and 323F3 varieties under salt stress. Overall, our results provide valuable insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms that affect the salt tolerance of pepper seedlings, and present some candidate genes for improving salt tolerance in pepper.
Keywords: pepper; salt stress; physiological analysis; RNA-seq pepper; salt stress; physiological analysis; RNA-seq

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, T.; Sun, K.; Chang, X.; Ouyang, Z.; Meng, G.; Han, Y.; Shen, S.; Yao, Q.; Piao, F.; Wang, Y. Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses of Two Contrasting Pepper Genotypes under Salt Stress Reveal Complex Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Seedlings. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 9701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179701

AMA Style

Zhang T, Sun K, Chang X, Ouyang Z, Meng G, Han Y, Shen S, Yao Q, Piao F, Wang Y. Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses of Two Contrasting Pepper Genotypes under Salt Stress Reveal Complex Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Seedlings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(17):9701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179701

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Tao, Kaile Sun, Xiaoke Chang, Zhaopeng Ouyang, Geng Meng, Yanan Han, Shunshan Shen, Qiuju Yao, Fengzhi Piao, and Yong Wang. 2022. "Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses of Two Contrasting Pepper Genotypes under Salt Stress Reveal Complex Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Seedlings" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17: 9701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179701

APA Style

Zhang, T., Sun, K., Chang, X., Ouyang, Z., Meng, G., Han, Y., Shen, S., Yao, Q., Piao, F., & Wang, Y. (2022). Comparative Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses of Two Contrasting Pepper Genotypes under Salt Stress Reveal Complex Salt Tolerance Mechanisms in Seedlings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(17), 9701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179701

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