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Article

Fabrication of Ni-Rich 58NiTi and 60NiTi from Elementally Blended Ni and Ti Powders by a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique: Their Printing, Homogenization and Densification

by
Khashayar Khanlari
1,2,3,4,
Qi Shi
1,2,3,
Kefeng Li
1,2,3,
Ke Hu
1,2,3,
Chong Tan
1,2,3,
Wen Zhang
5,
Peng Cao
5,
Inès Esma Achouri
4,* and
Xin Liu
1,2,3,*
1
Institute of New Materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
2
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metal Toughening Technology and Application, Guangzhou 510650, China
3
National Engineering Research Center of Powder Metallurgy of Titanium & Rare Metals, Guangzhou 510650, China
4
Département de Génie Chimique et de Génie Biotechnologique, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
5
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(16), 9495; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169495
Submission received: 14 July 2022 / Revised: 8 August 2022 / Accepted: 19 August 2022 / Published: 22 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Materials Science in Canada)
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Abstract

Compared to the equiatomic or near-equiatomic NiTinol alloys, Ni-rich NiTi alloys are suitable to be employed in structural applications as they exhibit higher hardness and are dimensionally stable. This research aimed to process two different grades of Ni-rich NiTi alloys, 58NiTi and 60NiTi, from Ni–Ti powder mixtures having about 58 wt.% and 60 wt.% Ni, respectively. This was performed by a laser powder bed fusion technique. At the first stage of this research, the printability of the used powder mixtures was investigated by applying different sets of printing parameters. Two appropriate sets were then selected to print the samples. Microstructural study of the printed parts revealed the existence of inhomogeneity in the microstructures. In addition, depending on the applied set of parameters, some amounts of cracks and pores were also present in the microstructure of these parts. Postprinting hot isostatic pressing procedures, performed at different temperatures, were developed to cause the reaction of phases, homogenize the parts, and possibly eliminate the existing flaws from the samples. Effects of these applied treatments on the microstructure, phase composition, density, dimensional integrity, and hardness of parts were sequentially studied. In essence, 58NiTi and 60NiTi parts having phase compositions complying with those of the equilibrium phase diagram were obtained in this research. However, the mentioned cracks and pores, formed in the microstructure of as-printed parts, could not be fully removed by postprocessing treatments.
Keywords: Ni-rich NiTi alloys; 58NiTi and 60NiTi; elemental Ni–Ti powder mixture; LPBF printing; HIP treatment; homogenization; densification Ni-rich NiTi alloys; 58NiTi and 60NiTi; elemental Ni–Ti powder mixture; LPBF printing; HIP treatment; homogenization; densification

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MDPI and ACS Style

Khanlari, K.; Shi, Q.; Li, K.; Hu, K.; Tan, C.; Zhang, W.; Cao, P.; Achouri, I.E.; Liu, X. Fabrication of Ni-Rich 58NiTi and 60NiTi from Elementally Blended Ni and Ti Powders by a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique: Their Printing, Homogenization and Densification. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 9495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169495

AMA Style

Khanlari K, Shi Q, Li K, Hu K, Tan C, Zhang W, Cao P, Achouri IE, Liu X. Fabrication of Ni-Rich 58NiTi and 60NiTi from Elementally Blended Ni and Ti Powders by a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique: Their Printing, Homogenization and Densification. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(16):9495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169495

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khanlari, Khashayar, Qi Shi, Kefeng Li, Ke Hu, Chong Tan, Wen Zhang, Peng Cao, Inès Esma Achouri, and Xin Liu. 2022. "Fabrication of Ni-Rich 58NiTi and 60NiTi from Elementally Blended Ni and Ti Powders by a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique: Their Printing, Homogenization and Densification" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 16: 9495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169495

APA Style

Khanlari, K., Shi, Q., Li, K., Hu, K., Tan, C., Zhang, W., Cao, P., Achouri, I. E., & Liu, X. (2022). Fabrication of Ni-Rich 58NiTi and 60NiTi from Elementally Blended Ni and Ti Powders by a Laser Powder Bed Fusion Technique: Their Printing, Homogenization and Densification. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(16), 9495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23169495

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