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10.3390/ijms23137442
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Article

New Insights of OLFM2 and OLFM4 in Gut-Liver Axis and Their Potential Involvement in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

by
Laia Bertran
1,†,
Rosa Jorba-Martin
2,†,
Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido
1,
Marta Portillo-Carrasquer
1,
Carmen Aguilar
1,
David Riesco
3,
Salomé Martínez
4,
Margarita Vives
5,
Fàtima Sabench
5,
Daniel Del Castillo
5,
Cristóbal Richart
1 and
Teresa Auguet
1,3,*
1
Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
2
Servei de Cirurgia General i de l’Aparell Digestiu, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
3
Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
4
Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
5
Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, 2, 43204 Reus, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(13), 7442; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137442
Submission received: 9 June 2022 / Revised: 29 June 2022 / Accepted: 3 July 2022 / Published: 4 July 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Molecular Aspects of Gut-Brain Communications)
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Abstract

Olfactomedins (OLFMs) are a family of glycoproteins that play a relevant role in embryonic development and in some pathological processes. Although OLFM2 is involved in the regulation of the energy metabolism and OLFM4 is an important player in inflammation, innate immunity and cancer, the role of OLFMs in NAFLD-related intestinal dysbiosis remains unknown. In this study, we analysed the hepatic mRNA expression of OLFM2 and the jejunal expression of OLFM4 in a well-established cohort of women with morbid obesity (MO), classified according to their hepatic histology into normal liver (n = 27), simple steatosis (n = 26) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH, n = 16). Our results showed that OLFM2 hepatic mRNA was higher in NASH, in advanced degrees of steatosis and in the presence of lobular inflammation. Additionally, we obtained positive correlations between hepatic OLFM2 and glucose, cholesterol, trimethylamine N-oxide and deoxycholic acid levels and hepatic fatty acid synthase, and negative associations with weight and jejunal Toll-like receptors (TLR4) and TLR5 expression. Regarding jejunal OLFM4, we observed positive correlations with circulating interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, IL-17 and jejunal TLR9. In conclusion, OLFM2 in the liver seems to play a relevant role in NAFLD progression, while OLFM4 in the jejunum could be involved in gut dysbiosis-related inflammatory events.
Keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; gut-liver axis; obesity; olfactomedin nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; gut-liver axis; obesity; olfactomedin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bertran, L.; Jorba-Martin, R.; Barrientos-Riosalido, A.; Portillo-Carrasquer, M.; Aguilar, C.; Riesco, D.; Martínez, S.; Vives, M.; Sabench, F.; Castillo, D.D.; et al. New Insights of OLFM2 and OLFM4 in Gut-Liver Axis and Their Potential Involvement in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 7442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137442

AMA Style

Bertran L, Jorba-Martin R, Barrientos-Riosalido A, Portillo-Carrasquer M, Aguilar C, Riesco D, Martínez S, Vives M, Sabench F, Castillo DD, et al. New Insights of OLFM2 and OLFM4 in Gut-Liver Axis and Their Potential Involvement in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(13):7442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137442

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bertran, Laia, Rosa Jorba-Martin, Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido, Marta Portillo-Carrasquer, Carmen Aguilar, David Riesco, Salomé Martínez, Margarita Vives, Fàtima Sabench, Daniel Del Castillo, and et al. 2022. "New Insights of OLFM2 and OLFM4 in Gut-Liver Axis and Their Potential Involvement in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13: 7442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137442

APA Style

Bertran, L., Jorba-Martin, R., Barrientos-Riosalido, A., Portillo-Carrasquer, M., Aguilar, C., Riesco, D., Martínez, S., Vives, M., Sabench, F., Castillo, D. D., Richart, C., & Auguet, T. (2022). New Insights of OLFM2 and OLFM4 in Gut-Liver Axis and Their Potential Involvement in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(13), 7442. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137442

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