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Volume 22
Issue 16
10.3390/ijms22168686
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Article

Bacterial Antigens Reduced the Inhibition Effect of Capsaicin on Cal 27 Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation

by
Rajdeep Chakraborty
1,2,
Karen Vickery
1,
Charbel Darido
3,4,
Shoba Ranganathan
2 and
Honghua Hu
1,*
1
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
2
Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
3
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
4
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Mauro Coluccia
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 8686; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168686
Received: 5 June 2021 / Revised: 27 July 2021 / Accepted: 9 August 2021 / Published: 12 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Microbe Interaction 3.0)
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Abstract

Oral cancer is a major global health problem with high incidence and low survival rates. The oral cavity contains biofilms as dental plaques that harbour both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial antigens, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), respectively. LPS and LTA are known to stimulate cancer cell growth, and the bioactive phytochemical capsaicin has been reported to reverse this effect. Here, we tested the efficacy of oral cancer chemotherapy treatment with capsaicin in the presence of LPS, LTA or the combination of both antigens. LPS and LTA were administered to Cal 27 oral cancer cells prior to and/or concurrently with capsaicin, and the treatment efficacy was evaluated by measuring cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death. We found that while capsaicin inhibits oral cancer cell proliferation and metabolism (MT Glo assay) and increases cell death (Trypan blue exclusion assay and Caspase 3/7 expression), its anti-cancer effect was significantly reduced on cells that are either primed or exposed to the bacterial antigens. Capsaicin treatment significantly increased oral cancer cells’ suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 gene expression. This increase was reversed in the presence of bacterial antigens during treatment. Our data establish a rationale for clinical consideration of bacterial antigens that may interfere with the treatment efficacy of oral cancer. View Full-Text
Keywords: lipopolysaccharide; lipoteichoic acid; oral cancer; capsaicin; proliferation; apoptosis; proliferation factors; suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 lipopolysaccharide; lipoteichoic acid; oral cancer; capsaicin; proliferation; apoptosis; proliferation factors; suppressor of cytokine signalling 3
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MDPI and ACS Style

Chakraborty, R.; Vickery, K.; Darido, C.; Ranganathan, S.; Hu, H. Bacterial Antigens Reduced the Inhibition Effect of Capsaicin on Cal 27 Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 8686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168686

AMA Style

Chakraborty R, Vickery K, Darido C, Ranganathan S, Hu H. Bacterial Antigens Reduced the Inhibition Effect of Capsaicin on Cal 27 Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(16):8686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168686

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chakraborty, Rajdeep, Karen Vickery, Charbel Darido, Shoba Ranganathan, and Honghua Hu. 2021. "Bacterial Antigens Reduced the Inhibition Effect of Capsaicin on Cal 27 Oral Cancer Cell Proliferation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 16: 8686. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168686

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