Retbindin: A riboflavin Binding Protein, Is Critical for Photoreceptor Homeostasis and Survival in Models of Retinal Degeneration
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. RTBDN Is Upregulated in the RhoP23H/+ and Prph2Y141C/+ Retina
2.2. Elimination of Rtbdn Exacerbates Structural and Functional Degeneration in the RhoP23H/+ and Prph2Y141C/+ Retinas
2.3. Ablation of Rtbdn in the RhoP23H/+ and Prph2Y141C/+ Leads to Non-Photoreceptor Phenotypes in the Retina
2.4. Lack of RTBDN in IRD Models Alters Flavin Levels
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Immunoblotting
4.3. Immunofluorescence Analysis
4.4. Electroretinography
4.5. Light Histology and Morphometry
4.6. Cone Counts
4.7. Transmission Electron Microscopy
4.8. Fundus and Fluorescein Angiogram Imaging
4.9. Flavin Quantification by HPLC
4.10. Quantification of ATP Levels in Retina
4.11. Statistical Analysis
4.12. Reproducibility
4.13. Data Availability
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Antigen | Species | Clone | Application/Concentration | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Retbindin | Rabbit | 1:500 (WB,IF) | In-House [1,44] | |
Prph2 | Mouse | 2B7 | 1:1000 (WB, IF) | In house, [45] Available from Millipore Cat# MABN2395 |
IRBP | Rabbit | 1:1000 (WB) | Gift from Dr. Gregory Liou [46] | |
GAPDH | Mouse | 1:1000 (WB) | Abcam Cat# Ab8245, RRID:AB_2107448 | |
Rhodopsin | Mouse | 1D4 | 1:1000 (IF) | Gift from R. Molday Can be purchased: Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-57432, RRID:AB_785511 |
SNAP25 | Mouse | SMI-81 | 1:1000 (WB, IF) | Covance Cat# SMI-81R-100, RRID:AB_510034 |
Actin-HRP | Mouse | AC-15 | 1:50,000 (WB) | Sigma-Aldrich Cat# A3854, RRID:AB_262011 |
Rabbit IgG HRP | Goat | 1:25,000 (WB) | Milipore Cat# AP187P, RRID:AB_92625 | |
Mouse IgG HRP | Goat | 1:25,000 (WB) | Millipore Cat# AP181P, RRID:AB_11214094 | |
Rabbit IgG Alexa Flour 647 | Goat | 1:1000 (IF) | Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A21245, RRID: AB_2535813 | |
Mouse IgG Alexa Flour 555 | Donkey | 1:1000 (IF) | Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-31570, RRID:AB_2536180 | |
PNA Alexa Fluor 488 | 1:500 (IF) | Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# L21409, RRID:AB_2315178 | ||
DAPI (stain) | 1:1000 (IF) | Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 62248 |
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Genc, A.M.; Makia, M.S.; Sinha, T.; Conley, S.M.; Al-Ubaidi, M.R.; Naash, M.I. Retbindin: A riboflavin Binding Protein, Is Critical for Photoreceptor Homeostasis and Survival in Models of Retinal Degeneration. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218083
Genc AM, Makia MS, Sinha T, Conley SM, Al-Ubaidi MR, Naash MI. Retbindin: A riboflavin Binding Protein, Is Critical for Photoreceptor Homeostasis and Survival in Models of Retinal Degeneration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218083
Chicago/Turabian StyleGenc, Ayse M., Mustafa S. Makia, Tirthankar Sinha, Shannon M. Conley, Muayyad R. Al-Ubaidi, and Muna I. Naash. 2020. "Retbindin: A riboflavin Binding Protein, Is Critical for Photoreceptor Homeostasis and Survival in Models of Retinal Degeneration" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218083