β-blockers Reverse Agonist-Induced β2-AR Downregulation Regardless of Their Signaling Profile
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. β-Blockers Do Not Affect Receptor Density in Simple Cell Systems
2.2. β-Blockers Restore β2-AR Density after Agonist-Induced Receptor Downregulation
2.3. Isoproterenol Did Not Affect β2-AR Gene Expression
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. Isolation of Human Lymphocytes
4.4. Fluorescence Microscopy
4.5. Flow Cytometry
4.6. Receptor Downregulation and Recycling Assays
4.7. RNA Isolation and Quantification
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Maccari, S.; Vezzi, V.; Barbagallo, F.; Stati, T.; Ascione, B.; Grò, M.C.; Catalano, L.; Marano, G.; Matarrese, P.; Ambrosio, C.; et al. β-blockers Reverse Agonist-Induced β2-AR Downregulation Regardless of Their Signaling Profile. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 512. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020512
Maccari S, Vezzi V, Barbagallo F, Stati T, Ascione B, Grò MC, Catalano L, Marano G, Matarrese P, Ambrosio C, et al. β-blockers Reverse Agonist-Induced β2-AR Downregulation Regardless of Their Signaling Profile. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(2):512. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020512
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaccari, Sonia, Vanessa Vezzi, Federica Barbagallo, Tonino Stati, Barbara Ascione, Maria Cristina Grò, Liviana Catalano, Giuseppe Marano, Paola Matarrese, Caterina Ambrosio, and et al. 2020. "β-blockers Reverse Agonist-Induced β2-AR Downregulation Regardless of Their Signaling Profile" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 2: 512. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020512