C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Identification of CXCL14 as an Endogenous Tumor Growth Suppressor
Screening for Tumor-Suppressor Candidates
3. CXCL14 Expression as a Marker for Suppression of Tumors by Cetuximab, an Anti-EGF Receptor (EGFR) Monoclonal Antibody
4. Expression of CXCL14 in Carcinoma Cells and Growth of Tumors
5. CXCL14 Produced by Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) and Growth of Tumors
6. CXCL14 is a Multifunctional Tumor Suppressor
7. Increased Survival Rates after Injection of Melanoma Cells into CXCL14 Transgenic Mice
8. Antimicrobial Function
9. Regulation of CXCL14 Expression
9.1. The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK)/Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase (ERK)/p38 Signaling Pathway Regulates CXCL14 Expression
9.2. Transcriptional Regulation of CXCL14
9.3. Epigenetic Regulation of CXCL14 Expression
9.4. Mechanisms of Tumor Suppression by CXCL14
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CXCL14 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 |
DAC | 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine |
HNSCC | Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
EGF | Epidermal growth factor |
MMP-1 | Matrix metalloproteinase-1 |
TIMP3 | Matrix metalloproteinase 3 |
IGF | Insulin-like growth factor |
IGFBP-3 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 |
NIH-CXCL14 | CXCL14-secreting NIH-3T3 |
CAFs | Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts |
NAFs | Normal-associated fibroblasts |
MC57 | Mesenchyme-derived fibrosarcoma cells |
RhoA | Ras-homologous small GTPase |
ROCK | Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinase |
LLC | Lewis lung carcinoma |
AMP | Antimicrobial peptide |
TGM | Transglutaminase |
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Yang, X.-Y.; Ozawa, S.; Kato, Y.; Maehata, Y.; Izukuri, K.; Ikoma, T.; Kanamori, K.; Akasaka, T.; Suzuki, K.; Iwabuchi, H.; et al. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081872
Yang X-Y, Ozawa S, Kato Y, Maehata Y, Izukuri K, Ikoma T, Kanamori K, Akasaka T, Suzuki K, Iwabuchi H, et al. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(8):1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081872
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Xiao-Yan, Shigeyuki Ozawa, Yasumasa Kato, Yojiro Maehata, Kazuhito Izukuri, Takeharu Ikoma, Keisuke Kanamori, Tetsu Akasaka, Kenji Suzuki, Hiroshi Iwabuchi, and et al. 2019. "C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 14 is a Unique Multifunctional Regulator of Tumor Progression" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 8: 1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20081872