Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens

Bhagirath, Anjali Y.; Li, Yanqi; Patidar, Rakesh; Yerex, Katherine; Ma, Xiaoxue; Kumar, Ayush; Duan, Kangmin

doi:10.3390/ijms20071781

Open AccessReview

Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens

by

Anjali Y. Bhagirath

^1,†,

Yanqi Li

^1,†,

Rakesh Patidar

²

,

Katherine Yerex

¹,

Xiaoxue Ma

¹,

Ayush Kumar

^2,*

and

Kangmin Duan

^1,3,*

¹

Department of Oral Biology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada

²

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada

³

Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 780 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Authors have contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(7), 1781; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071781

Submission received: 18 February 2019 / Revised: 5 April 2019 / Accepted: 8 April 2019 / Published: 10 April 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kinase Signal Transduction 1.0)

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Abstract

Gram-negative pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the leading cause of nosocomial infections throughout the world. One commonality shared among these pathogens is their ubiquitous presence, robust host-colonization and most importantly, resistance to antibiotics. A significant number of two-component systems (TCSs) exist in these pathogens, which are involved in regulation of gene expression in response to environmental signals such as antibiotic exposure. While the development of antimicrobial resistance is a complex phenomenon, it has been shown that TCSs are involved in sensing antibiotics and regulating genes associated with antibiotic resistance. In this review, we aim to interpret current knowledge about the signaling mechanisms of TCSs in these three pathogenic bacteria. We further attempt to answer questions about the role of TCSs in antimicrobial resistance. We will also briefly discuss how specific two-component systems present in K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa may serve as potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords: two-component regulatory proteins; antimicrobial resistance; biofilms

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bhagirath, A.Y.; Li, Y.; Patidar, R.; Yerex, K.; Ma, X.; Kumar, A.; Duan, K. Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 1781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071781

AMA Style

Bhagirath AY, Li Y, Patidar R, Yerex K, Ma X, Kumar A, Duan K. Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(7):1781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071781

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bhagirath, Anjali Y., Yanqi Li, Rakesh Patidar, Katherine Yerex, Xiaoxue Ma, Ayush Kumar, and Kangmin Duan. 2019. "Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 7: 1781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071781

APA Style

Bhagirath, A. Y., Li, Y., Patidar, R., Yerex, K., Ma, X., Kumar, A., & Duan, K. (2019). Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(7), 1781. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20071781

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Two Component Regulatory Systems and Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Negative Pathogens

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