Prion Protein in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Physiological Function of the Cellular Prion Protein (PrPc)
3. PrPc in Glioblastoma and Glioma Cancer Stem Cells
4. Targeting PrPc in Cancer Stem Cells
5. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ATG | Autophagy |
BSE | Bovine spongiform encephalopathy |
cAMP | Cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
CAV-1 | Caveolin-1 |
CJD | Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease |
CNS | Central nervous system |
CSCs | Cancer stem cells |
CWD | Chronic wasting disease |
EMT | Epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
ERK | Extracellular-signal-regulated kinase |
FFI | Fatal familial insomnia |
FLNA | Filamin A |
GP78 | Ubiquitin-protein E3 ligase glycoprotein 78 |
GSCs | Glioma stem-like cells |
GSS | Gerstmann–Sträussler–Sheinker syndrome |
HIF-1α | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α |
HOP | Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein |
HSPA1L | Heat-shock 70 kDa protein-1-like |
LR/37/67 | 37/67 kDa non-integrin laminin receptor |
MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
MT1-MMP | Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase |
MVBs | Multivesicular bodies |
NCAM | Neural cell adhesion molecule |
NF2 | Neurofibromatosis type 2 |
mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |
NSCs | Neural stem cells |
PDAC | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma |
PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
PKA | Protein kinase A |
PrPc | Cellular prion protein |
PrPsc | Scrapie prion protein |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
STI-1 | Stress-inducible protein |
SVZ | Subependymal ventricular zone |
TIMP | Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase |
TRAIL | Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand |
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Ryskalin, L.; Busceti, C.L.; Biagioni, F.; Limanaqi, F.; Familiari, P.; Frati, A.; Fornai, F. Prion Protein in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5107. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205107
Ryskalin L, Busceti CL, Biagioni F, Limanaqi F, Familiari P, Frati A, Fornai F. Prion Protein in Glioblastoma Multiforme. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5107. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205107
Chicago/Turabian StyleRyskalin, Larisa, Carla L. Busceti, Francesca Biagioni, Fiona Limanaqi, Pietro Familiari, Alessandro Frati, and Francesco Fornai. 2019. "Prion Protein in Glioblastoma Multiforme" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5107. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205107