Proteomic Landscape Has Revealed Small Rubber Particles Are Crucial Rubber Biosynthetic Machines for Ethylene-Stimulation in Natural Rubber Production
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological Analysis of Rubber Particles in the Para Rubber Tree
2.2. Identification of DAPs in SRPs by 2-D DIGE
2.3. Determination of Phosphorylated Peptides in REF and SRPP
2.4. Identification and Determination of DAPs in SRPs by iTRAQ
2.5. Functional Analysis of DAPs in SRPs
2.6. Integrative Analyses of DAPs in Different SRPs
3. Discussion
3.1. Proteome Profiling Revealed SRPs Contain Almost all NRB-Related Proteins
3.2. Ethylene Improved NRB by the Accumulation of Rubber Producing-Related Proteins in SRPs
3.3. Different Proteoforms in SRPs May Play Different Roles in NRB
3.4. Comprehensive Proteomics Analysis Revealed SRP Might Be an Efficient Machine for NRB
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Material and Ethylene Treatment
4.2. Preparation of Total Rubber Particles and Purification of SRPs
4.3. Morphological Analysis of Large and Small Rubber Particles
4.4. Protein Extraction, 2-D DIGE and MALDI TOF/TOF MS Analysis
4.5. Identification of Phosphopeptide by MS/MS
4.6. Labeling and Quantification of SRPs Proteins by iTRAQ
4.7. Protein Classification and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
4.8. Western Blotting Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ACAT | Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase |
ACOC | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase |
APX | Ascorbate peroxidase |
CDPK | Calcium-dependent protein kinase |
CPT | Cis-prenyl transferase |
DAPs | Differentially accumulated proteins |
DIGE | Differential in-gel electrophoresis |
DMAPP | Dimethylallyl diphosphate |
EDCP | EH domain-containing protein |
EIP | Ethylene-inducible protein |
FADS | Farnesyl pyrophosphate/diphosphate synthase |
FPP | Farnesyl diphosphate |
GGPP | Geranylgeranyl diphosphate |
GGPPS | Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase |
GGPS | Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase |
GLR | Glutathione reductase |
GO | Gene ontology |
GPP | Geranyl diphosphate |
GPS | Geranyl pyrophosphate synthase |
HMGR | Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase |
HMGS | Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase |
HRBP | HRT1-REF bridging protein, a Nogo-B receptor |
HRT | Hevea rubber cis-prenyltransferase, also named CPT |
IPP | Isopentenyl pyrophosphate |
iTRAQ | Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification |
LRPs | Large rubber particles |
MEVD | Mevalonate disphosphate decarboxylase |
MEVK | Mevalonate kinase |
MVA | Menvalonate |
NRB | Natural rubber biosynthesis |
PMIP | Plasma membrane intrinsic protein |
PMVK | Phosphomevalonate kinase |
PP isomerase | Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase |
PXR1 | Myb-like protein X isoform X1 |
REF | Rubber elongation factor |
SEM | Scanning electron microscope |
SOD | Superoxide dismutase |
SRPP | Small rubber particle protein |
SRPs | Small rubber particles |
TEM | Transmission electron microscopy |
TRPs | Total rubber particles |
USP | Universal stress protein |
USP-A | Universal stress protein A-like protein |
VPSP | Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein |
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Wang, D.; Xie, Q.; Sun, Y.; Tong, Z.; Chang, L.; Yu, L.; Zhang, X.; Yuan, B.; He, P.; Jin, X.; et al. Proteomic Landscape Has Revealed Small Rubber Particles Are Crucial Rubber Biosynthetic Machines for Ethylene-Stimulation in Natural Rubber Production. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205082
Wang D, Xie Q, Sun Y, Tong Z, Chang L, Yu L, Zhang X, Yuan B, He P, Jin X, et al. Proteomic Landscape Has Revealed Small Rubber Particles Are Crucial Rubber Biosynthetic Machines for Ethylene-Stimulation in Natural Rubber Production. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(20):5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205082
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Dan, Quanliang Xie, Yong Sun, Zheng Tong, Lili Chang, Li Yu, Xueyan Zhang, Boxuan Yuan, Peng He, Xiang Jin, and et al. 2019. "Proteomic Landscape Has Revealed Small Rubber Particles Are Crucial Rubber Biosynthetic Machines for Ethylene-Stimulation in Natural Rubber Production" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 20: 5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20205082