An Omics Approach to Diagnosing or Investigating Fungal Keratitis
1
Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
2
Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
3
Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
4
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(15), 3631; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153631
Received: 30 May 2019
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Revised: 21 July 2019
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Accepted: 23 July 2019
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Published: 25 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging OMICS Approaches to Studying the Eye in the Norm and Pathology)
Fungal keratitis (FK) is one of the most severe corneal infectious diseases. FK often leads to poor visual prognosis and thus requires accurate diagnosis. Conventional approaches, including clinical diagnoses, smears, and cultures, often fail to provide reliable diagnostic value. Omics approaches, such as those using genomic, metagenomic, and tear proteomic data sources, provide promising features for improving the diagnosis and monitoring the progression of FK. Genomic approaches are based mainly on detecting amplicons of ribosomal RNA genes, and internal transcribed spacers are gradually gaining popularity in clinical practices. A metagenomic approach based on 16S rRNA genes may help monitor the dynamic change of conjunctival microbiota associated with an FK event, whereas that based on shot-gun and 18S rRNA target enrichment sequencing could have the potential to diagnose FK using clinical samples. A tear proteomic approach may provide comprehensive information about ocular surface defense and injury during FK. Representative up- and down-regulated proteins during FK could also be used as biomarkers to determine the clinical course and develop a treatment strategy in different stages of FK. Consequently, a personalized tear proteomic approach will soon play a key role in FK management.
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Keywords:
fungal keratitis; molecular diagnosis; genomics; metagenomics; proteomics
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kuo, M.-T.; Chen, J.-L.; Hsu, S.-L.; Chen, A.; You, H.-L. An Omics Approach to Diagnosing or Investigating Fungal Keratitis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153631
AMA Style
Kuo M-T, Chen J-L, Hsu S-L, Chen A, You H-L. An Omics Approach to Diagnosing or Investigating Fungal Keratitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(15):3631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153631
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuo, Ming-Tse, Jiunn-Liang Chen, Shiuh-Liang Hsu, Alexander Chen, and Huey-Ling You. 2019. "An Omics Approach to Diagnosing or Investigating Fungal Keratitis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15: 3631. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153631
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