Non-Cytotoxic Agarose/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds for Drug Release
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Scaffold Characterization
2.1.1. X-Ray Diffraction
2.1.2. Infrared Spectroscopy
2.1.3. Porosity
2.1.4. Shrinking and Swelling
2.1.5. Mechanical Properties
2.2. Biocompatibility
2.3. Release Studies
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Preparation of Hydroxyapatite
3.2. Preparation of Agarose Gels
3.3. Preparation of AG/HA Composites
3.4. Characterization of Scaffolds
3.5. Biocompatibility Testing
3.6. Drug Loading and Drug Release Test
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ATP | adenosine 5′-triphosphate |
BET | Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface analysis |
EDX | electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy |
HA | hydroxyapatite |
hMSC | human mesenchymal stem cells |
LYO | lyophilization |
PBS | phosphate-buffered saline |
SCD | supercritical drying |
SEM | scanning electron microscopy |
VD | vacuum dried |
Appendix A
Appendix A.1. EDX Analysis
Appendix A.2. Swelling and Water Uptake Data
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AG100HA0 | AG50HA50 | AG33HA67 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LYO | SCD | LYO | SCD | LYO | SCD | |
Drug | Material | Model | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Weibull | First-Order | Korsmeyer–Peppas | ||
ATP | AG100HA0 | |||
h−1 | ||||
AG50HA50 | ||||
h−1 | ||||
AG33HA67 | ||||
h−1 | ||||
suramin | AG100HA0 | |||
h−1 | ||||
AG50HA50 | ||||
h−1 | ||||
AG33HA67 | ||||
h−1 |
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Witzler, M.; Ottensmeyer, P.F.; Gericke, M.; Heinze, T.; Tobiasch, E.; Schulze, M. Non-Cytotoxic Agarose/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds for Drug Release. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143565
Witzler M, Ottensmeyer PF, Gericke M, Heinze T, Tobiasch E, Schulze M. Non-Cytotoxic Agarose/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds for Drug Release. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(14):3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143565
Chicago/Turabian StyleWitzler, Markus, Patrick Frank Ottensmeyer, Martin Gericke, Thomas Heinze, Edda Tobiasch, and Margit Schulze. 2019. "Non-Cytotoxic Agarose/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds for Drug Release" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14: 3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143565