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Genetic Associations between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Psychiatric Disorders

Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(14), 3537; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143537
Received: 18 June 2019 / Revised: 12 July 2019 / Accepted: 13 July 2019 / Published: 19 July 2019
Psychiatric disorders are mental, behavioral or emotional disorders. These conditions are prevalent, one in four adults suffer from any type of psychiatric disorders world-wide. It has always been observed that psychiatric disorders have a genetic component, however, new methods to sequence full genomes of large cohorts have identified with high precision genetic risk loci for these conditions. Psychiatric disorders include, but are not limited to, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, and attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Several risk loci for psychiatric disorders fall within genes that encode for voltage-gated calcium channels (CaVs). Calcium entering through CaVs is crucial for multiple neuronal processes. In this review, we will summarize recent findings that link CaVs and their auxiliary subunits to psychiatric disorders. First, we will provide a general overview of CaVs structure, classification, function, expression and pharmacology. Next, we will summarize tools to study risk loci associated with psychiatric disorders. We will examine functional studies of risk variations in CaV genes when available. Finally, we will review pharmacological evidence of the use of CaV modulators to treat psychiatric disorders. Our review will be of interest for those studying pathophysiological aspects of CaVs. View Full-Text
Keywords: voltage-gated calcium channels; major depressive disorder; autism spectrum disorder; schizophrenia; bipolar disorder; attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder; anxiety; calcium channel modulators; psychiatric disorders; auxiliary subunits; genetic risk variations voltage-gated calcium channels; major depressive disorder; autism spectrum disorder; schizophrenia; bipolar disorder; attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder; anxiety; calcium channel modulators; psychiatric disorders; auxiliary subunits; genetic risk variations
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MDPI and ACS Style

Andrade, A.; Brennecke, A.; Mallat, S.; Brown, J.; Gomez-Rivadeneira, J.; Czepiel, N.; Londrigan, L. Genetic Associations between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Psychiatric Disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 3537. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143537

AMA Style

Andrade A, Brennecke A, Mallat S, Brown J, Gomez-Rivadeneira J, Czepiel N, Londrigan L. Genetic Associations between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Psychiatric Disorders. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(14):3537. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143537

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrade, Arturo, Ashton Brennecke, Shayna Mallat, Julian Brown, Juan Gomez-Rivadeneira, Natalie Czepiel, and Laura Londrigan. 2019. "Genetic Associations between Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels and Psychiatric Disorders" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 14: 3537. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20143537

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