NAFLD in Some Common Endocrine Diseases: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Principles of Diagnosis and Management

Lonardo, Amedeo; Mantovani, Alessandro; Lugari, Simonetta; Targher, Giovanni

doi:10.3390/ijms20112841

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NAFLD in Some Common Endocrine Diseases: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Principles of Diagnosis and Management

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Operating Unit Internal Medicine–Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara-AOU, 41125 Modena, Italy

Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy

Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(11), 2841; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112841

Received: 23 May 2019 / Accepted: 4 June 2019 / Published: 11 June 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiological and Molecular Mechanisms in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)

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Abstract

Secondary nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) defines those complex pathophysiological and clinical consequences that ensue when the liver becomes an ectopic site of lipid storage owing to reasons other than its mutual association with the metabolic syndrome. Disorders affecting gonadal hormones, thyroid hormones, or growth hormones (GH) may cause secondary forms of NAFLD, which exhibit specific pathophysiologic features and, in theory, the possibility to receive an effective treatment. Here, we critically discuss epidemiological and pathophysiological features, as well as principles of diagnosis and management of some common endocrine diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, and GH deficiency. Collectively, these forms of NAFLD secondary to specific endocrine derangements may be envisaged as a naturally occurring disease model of NAFLD in humans. Improved understanding of such endocrine secondary forms of NAFLD promises to disclose novel clinical associations and innovative therapeutic approaches, which may potentially be applied also to selected cases of primary NAFLD. View Full-Text

Keywords: GH deficiency; hypogonadism; hypothyroidism; PCOS

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Lonardo, A.; Mantovani, A.; Lugari, S.; Targher, G. NAFLD in Some Common Endocrine Diseases: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Principles of Diagnosis and Management. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112841

AMA Style

Lonardo A, Mantovani A, Lugari S, Targher G. NAFLD in Some Common Endocrine Diseases: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Principles of Diagnosis and Management. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(11):2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112841

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lonardo, Amedeo, Alessandro Mantovani, Simonetta Lugari, and Giovanni Targher. 2019. "NAFLD in Some Common Endocrine Diseases: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Principles of Diagnosis and Management" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11: 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112841

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