Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels

Dias, Tânia R.; Samanta, Luna; Agarwal, Ashok; Pushparaj, Peter N.; Panner Selvam, Manesh Kumar; Sharma, Rakesh

doi:10.3390/ijms20010203

Open AccessArticle

Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels

by

Tânia R. Dias

^1,2,3,†

,

Luna Samanta

^1,4,†

,

Ashok Agarwal

^1,*

,

Peter N. Pushparaj

⁵

,

Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam

¹ and

Rakesh Sharma

¹

American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA

²

Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal

³

Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal

⁴

Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India

⁵

Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20(1), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010203

Submission received: 9 November 2018 / Revised: 22 December 2018 / Accepted: 29 December 2018 / Published: 8 January 2019

(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism)

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Abstract

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a major cause of male infertility. However, some men with high seminal ROS levels are still fertile. The main objective of this study was to understand the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the preservation of fertility in those men. Semen samples from fertile men were divided into two groups: control (n = 10, ROS < 102.2 RLU/s/10⁶ sperm) and ROS+ (n = 10, ROS > 102.2 RLU/s/10⁶ sperm). Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma and spermatozoa was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the experimental groups, from which some proteins were validated by Western blot (WB). A total of 44 and 371 DEPs were identified between the study groups in the seminal plasma and spermatozoa, respectively. The identified DEPs were primarily involved in oxidoreductase, endopeptidase inhibitor, and antioxidant activities. We validated by WB the underexpression of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 (p = 0.01), as well as the overexpression of superoxide dismutase 1 (p = 0.03) and peroxiredoxin 4 (p = 0.04) in spermatozoa of ROS+ group. Our data suggest that fertile men with high ROS levels possess an effective antioxidant defense system that protects sperm proteins, as well as an active proteasomal system for degradation of defective proteins.

Keywords: seminal plasma; spermatozoa; reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; chemiluminescence; proteomics; bioinformatics; differentially expressed proteins; Western blot

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dias, T.R.; Samanta, L.; Agarwal, A.; Pushparaj, P.N.; Panner Selvam, M.K.; Sharma, R. Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010203

AMA Style

Dias TR, Samanta L, Agarwal A, Pushparaj PN, Panner Selvam MK, Sharma R. Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(1):203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010203

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dias, Tânia R., Luna Samanta, Ashok Agarwal, Peter N. Pushparaj, Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam, and Rakesh Sharma. 2019. "Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 1: 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010203

APA Style

Dias, T. R., Samanta, L., Agarwal, A., Pushparaj, P. N., Panner Selvam, M. K., & Sharma, R. (2019). Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(1), 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010203

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Proteomic Signatures Reveal Differences in Stress Response, Antioxidant Defense and Proteasomal Activity in Fertile Men with High Seminal ROS Levels

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