Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(12), 2633; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122633
Similarity and Differences in Inflammation-Related Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune System of Patients with Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow 117997, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 16 October 2017 / Revised: 21 November 2017 / Accepted: 1 December 2017 / Published: 6 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammaging and Oxidative Stress in Aging and Age-Related Disorders)
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorders. Both diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation in the brain—neuroinflammation. The first signs of PD and AD are most often manifested in old age, in which the immune system is usually characterized by chronic inflammation, so-called “inflammaging” In recent years, there is growing evidence that pathogenesis of these diseases is connected with both regional and peripheral immune processes. Currently, the association of clinical signs of PD and AD with different characteristics of patient immune status is actively being researched. In this mini-review we compare the association of PD and AD alterations of a number of immune system parameters connected with the process of inflammation. View Full-TextKeywords:
Parkinson’s disease; Alzheimer’s disease; inflammation; neuroinflammation; peripheral immune system; cytokines; oxidative stress
▼
Figures
Graphical abstract
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Share & Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Boyko, A.A.; Troyanova, N.I.; Kovalenko, E.I.; Sapozhnikov, A.M. Similarity and Differences in Inflammation-Related Characteristics of the Peripheral Immune System of Patients with Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2633.
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
Related Articles
Article Metrics
Comments
[Return to top]
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
EISSN 1422-0067
Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland
RSS
E-Mail Table of Contents Alert