Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(12), 2434; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122434
Secondary Metabolic Profiles of Two Cultivars of Piper nigrum (Black Pepper) Resulting from Infection by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis
Shirlley F. M. da Luz 1
, Lydia F. Yamaguchi 2, Massuo J. Kato 2, Oriel F. de Lemos 3, Luciana P. Xavier 1, José Guilherme S. Maia 4, Alessandra de R. Ramos 5, William N. Setzer 6 and Joyce Kelly do R. da Silva 1,*
, Lydia F. Yamaguchi 2, Massuo J. Kato 2, Oriel F. de Lemos 3, Luciana P. Xavier 1, José Guilherme S. Maia 4, Alessandra de R. Ramos 5, William N. Setzer 6 and Joyce Kelly do R. da Silva 1,*
1
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil
2
Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
3
Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Oriental, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Belém 66095-903, Brazil
4
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém 68035-110, Brazil
5
Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá 68501-970, Brazil
6
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 6 October 2017 / Revised: 3 November 2017 / Accepted: 8 November 2017 / Published: 7 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)
Abstract
Bragantina and Cingapura are the main black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cultivars and the Pará state is the largest producer in Brazil with about 90% of national production, representing the third largest production in the world. The infection of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, the causal agent of Fusarium disease in black pepper, was monitored on the cultivars Bragantina (susceptible) and Cingapura (tolerant), during 45 days’ post infection (dpi). Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the volatile concentrates of both cultivars showed that the Bragantina responded with the production of higher contents of α-bisabolol at 21 dpi and a decrease of elemol, mostly at 30 dpi; while Cingapura displayed an decrease of δ-elemene production, except at 15 dpi. The phenolic content determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method showed an increase in the leaves of plants inoculated at 7 dpi (Bragantina) and 7–15 dpi (Cingapura); in the roots, the infection caused a phenolic content decrease in Bragantina cultivar at 45 dpi and an increase in the Cingapura cultivar at 15, 30 and 45 dpi. High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis of the root extracts showed a qualitative variation of alkamides during infection. The results indicated that there is a possible relationship between secondary metabolites and tolerance against phytopathogens. View Full-TextKeywords:
plant-pathogen interaction; essential oils; sesquiterpenes; α-bisabolol; δ-elemene; alkamides
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da Luz, S.F.M.; Yamaguchi, L.F.; Kato, M.J.; de Lemos, O.F.; Xavier, L.P.; Maia, J.G.S.; Ramos, A.R.; Setzer, W.N.; da Silva, J.K.R. Secondary Metabolic Profiles of Two Cultivars of Piper nigrum (Black Pepper) Resulting from Infection by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 2434.
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